The contribution of Hind III C>G PAI-1 gene polymorphism in etiology of recurrent miscarriages

Abstract

Objectives: The goal of the study was to assess the relationship of HindIII C>G PAI-1 gene polymorphism with increased risk of recurrent miscarriages. Material and methods: A whole of 152 women with a history of at least two miscarriages were classified into analysis. The study group was divided twice (114 subjects with 2 miscarriages and 38 subjects with >3 miscarriages, 123 subjects with miscarriages at <13gw, and 29 subjects with miscarriages in <21gw). The controls consisted of 180 women with a positive history of at least one pregnancy and birth of a healthy term newborn, and a negative history of miscarriage. The analysed polymorphisms were determined by PCR/RFLP methods. Results: The occurrence of HindIII GG genotype in the whole study group was 25.7% and 20.0% in controls (OR=1.38, p=0.14). HindIII G allele was also observed more frequently in the whole study group (45.7% vs. 42.2% in controls, OR=1.15, p=0.20). The occurrence of HindIII GG genotype was higher in the subgroup of women with >3 miscarriages (31.6% vs. 20.0% in controls, OR=1.85, p=0.09). HindIII G allele was also noted more frequently in the subgroup of women with >3 miscarriages (50.0% vs. 42.2% in controls, OR=1.37, p=0.13). A tendency of higher frequency of HindIII GG genotype and HindIII G allele was also noted in the subgroup of patients with miscarriages in the first and second trimester (HindIII GG: 31.0% vs. 20.0% in controls, OR=1.80, p=0.14, HindIII G: 51.7% vs. 42.2% in controls, OR=1.47, p=0.11). Conclusions: Mutated HindIII G allele and HindIII GG genotype of HindIII C>G polymorphism probably augment the risk of recurrent miscarriages.