Tom 8, Nr 2 (2016)
Artykuły
Opublikowany online: 2016-12-08
Wyświetlenia strony
2046
Wyświetlenia/pobrania artykułu
10076
Wpływ mikrobioty jelitowej na zaburzenia metaboliczne i otyłość — punkt widzenia internisty i dietetyka
Gastroenterologia Kliniczna 2016;8(2).
Streszczenie
Otyłość staje się jednym z najpoważniejszych problemów zdrowotnych większości społczeństw na świecie. Nadal poszukuje się przyczyn takiego stanu, a zwłaszcza modyfikowalnych czynników wpływających na równowagę energetyczną organizmu. W ostatnim czasie coraz więcej przeprowadzonych badań umożliwia lepsze zrozumienie funkcji mkirobioty jelitowej oraz jej wpływu na metabolizm i magazynowanie energii w organizmie gospodarza. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono aktualną wiedzę na temat roli mikrobioty jelitowej w patogenezie otyłości, insulinooporności, cukrzycy typu 2, zaburzeń lipidowych i niealkoholowej stłuszczeniowej choroby wątroby. Mikrobiota zdecydowanie różni się u osób otyłych i szczupłych; u osób otyłych charakteryzuje się głównie spadkiem różnorodności, zmniejszeniem liczby bakterii komensalnych o właściwościach przeciwzapalnych i wzrostem liczby drobnoustrojów patogennych. Generuje to ekspresję odmiennych szlaków metabolicznych, co może stanowić jeden z czynników etiologicznych otyłości i chorób jej towarzyszących. Pro- i prebiotykoterapia jest aktualnie wykorzystywana w celach rekompozycji ekosystemu jelitowego.
Słowa kluczowe: otyłośćmikrobiotazaburzenia metaboliczneprobiotykiprebiotyki
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