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Tom 8, Nr 2 (2016)
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Wpływ mikrobioty jelitowej na zaburzenia metaboliczne i otyłość — punkt widzenia internisty i dietetyka

Lucyna Ostrowska
Gastroenterologia Kliniczna 2016;8(2).

dostęp otwarty

Tom 8, Nr 2 (2016)
Artykuły
Opublikowany online: 2016-12-08

Streszczenie

Otyłość staje się jednym z najpoważniejszych problemów zdrowotnych większości społczeństw na świecie. Nadal poszukuje się przyczyn takiego stanu, a zwłaszcza modyfikowalnych czynników wpływających na równowagę energetyczną organizmu. W ostatnim czasie coraz więcej przeprowadzonych badań umożliwia lepsze zrozumienie funkcji mkirobioty jelitowej oraz jej wpływu na metabolizm i magazynowanie energii w organizmie gospodarza. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono aktualną wiedzę na temat roli mikrobioty jelitowej w patogenezie otyłości, insulinooporności, cukrzycy typu 2, zaburzeń lipidowych i niealkoholowej stłuszczeniowej choroby wątroby. Mikrobiota zdecydowanie różni się u osób otyłych i szczupłych; u osób otyłych charakteryzuje się głównie spadkiem różnorodności, zmniejszeniem liczby bakterii komensalnych o właściwościach przeciwzapalnych i wzrostem liczby drobnoustrojów patogennych. Generuje to ekspresję odmiennych szlaków metabolicznych, co może stanowić jeden z czynników etiologicznych otyłości i chorób jej towarzyszących. Pro- i prebiotykoterapia jest aktualnie wykorzystywana w celach rekompozycji ekosystemu jelitowego.

Streszczenie

Otyłość staje się jednym z najpoważniejszych problemów zdrowotnych większości społczeństw na świecie. Nadal poszukuje się przyczyn takiego stanu, a zwłaszcza modyfikowalnych czynników wpływających na równowagę energetyczną organizmu. W ostatnim czasie coraz więcej przeprowadzonych badań umożliwia lepsze zrozumienie funkcji mkirobioty jelitowej oraz jej wpływu na metabolizm i magazynowanie energii w organizmie gospodarza. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono aktualną wiedzę na temat roli mikrobioty jelitowej w patogenezie otyłości, insulinooporności, cukrzycy typu 2, zaburzeń lipidowych i niealkoholowej stłuszczeniowej choroby wątroby. Mikrobiota zdecydowanie różni się u osób otyłych i szczupłych; u osób otyłych charakteryzuje się głównie spadkiem różnorodności, zmniejszeniem liczby bakterii komensalnych o właściwościach przeciwzapalnych i wzrostem liczby drobnoustrojów patogennych. Generuje to ekspresję odmiennych szlaków metabolicznych, co może stanowić jeden z czynników etiologicznych otyłości i chorób jej towarzyszących. Pro- i prebiotykoterapia jest aktualnie wykorzystywana w celach rekompozycji ekosystemu jelitowego.

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Słowa kluczowe

otyłość, mikrobiota, zaburzenia metaboliczne, probiotyki, prebiotyki

Informacje o artykule
Tytuł

Wpływ mikrobioty jelitowej na zaburzenia metaboliczne i otyłość — punkt widzenia internisty i dietetyka

Czasopismo

Gastroenterologia Kliniczna. Postępy i Standardy

Numer

Tom 8, Nr 2 (2016)

Opublikowany online

2016-12-08

Wyświetlenia strony

1863

Wyświetlenia/pobrania artykułu

9393

Rekord bibliograficzny

Gastroenterologia Kliniczna 2016;8(2).

Słowa kluczowe

otyłość
mikrobiota
zaburzenia metaboliczne
probiotyki
prebiotyki

Autorzy

Lucyna Ostrowska

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