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Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Review paper
Published online: 2024-02-01
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Pruritus in elderly patients: review of literature

Paula Mazan1, Aleksandra Lesiak12, Joanna Narbutt1
DOI: 10.5603/fd.93718
·
Forum Dermatologicum 2024;10(1):1-9.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology and Oncology Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
  2. Laboratory of Autoinflammatory, Genetic and Rare Skin Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland

open access

Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
REVIEW ARTICLES
Published online: 2024-02-01

Abstract

Pruritus is the most common symptom reported by dermatology patients, including the geriatric patient population. Due to population ageing, pruritus will be an increasingly common reason for medical consultations. Pruritus can involve both previously affected and unaffected skin, occurring as the only manifestation of the disease. Chronic pruritus lasting more than six weeks has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life, often resulting in sleep disorders and depressive-anxiety disorders. Mechanisms responsible for pruritus in the elderly include abnormal dermal-epidermal barrier, age-related changes in the immune system, and central and peripheral neuropathy. Xerosis is considered the most common cause of pruritus in geriatric patients. Chronic pruritus occurs in the course of many dermatological conditions, as well as Internal diseases, and neurological or psychiatric disorders. The treatment of chronic pruritus in elderly patients may sometimes be a therapeutic challenge due to comorbidities or the complexity of the mechanisms leading to its onset. Each patient needs an individual and often multidisciplinary approach, taking into account comorbidities and polypragmasia. In addition to emollient skincare — which is the basis of skin care — and topical anti-inflammatory preparations for inflammatory skin disorders, biologics are increasingly being used in the treatment of pruritus, as well as drugs with antidepressant and antiepileptic effects.

Abstract

Pruritus is the most common symptom reported by dermatology patients, including the geriatric patient population. Due to population ageing, pruritus will be an increasingly common reason for medical consultations. Pruritus can involve both previously affected and unaffected skin, occurring as the only manifestation of the disease. Chronic pruritus lasting more than six weeks has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life, often resulting in sleep disorders and depressive-anxiety disorders. Mechanisms responsible for pruritus in the elderly include abnormal dermal-epidermal barrier, age-related changes in the immune system, and central and peripheral neuropathy. Xerosis is considered the most common cause of pruritus in geriatric patients. Chronic pruritus occurs in the course of many dermatological conditions, as well as Internal diseases, and neurological or psychiatric disorders. The treatment of chronic pruritus in elderly patients may sometimes be a therapeutic challenge due to comorbidities or the complexity of the mechanisms leading to its onset. Each patient needs an individual and often multidisciplinary approach, taking into account comorbidities and polypragmasia. In addition to emollient skincare — which is the basis of skin care — and topical anti-inflammatory preparations for inflammatory skin disorders, biologics are increasingly being used in the treatment of pruritus, as well as drugs with antidepressant and antiepileptic effects.

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Keywords

senile pruritus, immunosenescence, xerosis, pruritus treatment, quality of life

About this article
Title

Pruritus in elderly patients: review of literature

Journal

Forum Dermatologicum

Issue

Vol 10, No 1 (2024)

Article type

Review paper

Pages

1-9

Published online

2024-02-01

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239

Article views/downloads

161

DOI

10.5603/fd.93718

Bibliographic record

Forum Dermatologicum 2024;10(1):1-9.

Keywords

senile pruritus
immunosenescence
xerosis
pruritus treatment
quality of life

Authors

Paula Mazan
Aleksandra Lesiak
Joanna Narbutt

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