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Vol 81, No 4 (2022)
Original article
Submitted: 2021-08-06
Accepted: 2021-09-20
Published online: 2021-10-07
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Peri-hilar branching pattern and variations of the renal artery among Indian kidney donors using pre-operative computed tomography angiography: an anatomical study and review

M. Kumaresan1, J. Saikarthik2, A. Sangeetha3, I. Saraswathi4, K. Senthil Kumar4, P. Roselin5
DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2021.0103
·
Pubmed: 34642929
·
Folia Morphol 2022;81(4):971-982.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, SIMATS University, Chennai, India
  2. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Education, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Zulfi, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  3. Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, SIMATS University, Chennai
  4. Department of Physiology, Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, India
  5. Department of Radiology and Imaging, Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, India

open access

Vol 81, No 4 (2022)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2021-08-06
Accepted: 2021-09-20
Published online: 2021-10-07

Abstract

Background: The peri-hilar branching pattern of renal arteries and variations such as accessory renal artery and early branching of the renal artery are important factors to be evaluated preoperatively to minimise potential complications during renal transplantation and renal surgeries. The present study was done to assess the peri hilar branching pattern of the renal artery and its variation among the renal donors in India.
Materials and methods: One hundred ninety eight kidneys from 99 donors were analysed using pre-operative computed tomography renal angiograms prospectively, over 1 year 2 months.
Results: Based on the branching pattern of primary and secondary branches of renal arteries, we identified 8 cardinal and 10 minor peri-hilar branching patterns. Type I (duplicated fork) peri-hilar branching pattern was the most frequently found (70.2%) among 198 kidneys, followed by type II (triplicated fork) (19.2%) and type III (ladder) (10.6%). Duplicated fork pattern was common in both the right renal artery (75.7%) and left renal artery (64.6%), respectively. The prevalence of accessory renal artery was 39.4% with hilar artery at 21.2% and polar artery at 18.2%, and the prevalence of early division of renal artery was 20.2%. No significant association was found between gender and laterality in the prevalence of both early division and accessory renal artery (p > 0.05). Early division of renal artery was more frequent in females (28%) whilst accessory renal arteries were more common in males (40.7%).
Conclusions: The present study showed a consistent peri-hilar branching pattern with high individual variability among Indian renal donors. The knowledge about the peri-hilar branching pattern as well as renal artery variations conferred by this study would greatly compliment urological surgeons during renal transplant surgeries.

Abstract

Background: The peri-hilar branching pattern of renal arteries and variations such as accessory renal artery and early branching of the renal artery are important factors to be evaluated preoperatively to minimise potential complications during renal transplantation and renal surgeries. The present study was done to assess the peri hilar branching pattern of the renal artery and its variation among the renal donors in India.
Materials and methods: One hundred ninety eight kidneys from 99 donors were analysed using pre-operative computed tomography renal angiograms prospectively, over 1 year 2 months.
Results: Based on the branching pattern of primary and secondary branches of renal arteries, we identified 8 cardinal and 10 minor peri-hilar branching patterns. Type I (duplicated fork) peri-hilar branching pattern was the most frequently found (70.2%) among 198 kidneys, followed by type II (triplicated fork) (19.2%) and type III (ladder) (10.6%). Duplicated fork pattern was common in both the right renal artery (75.7%) and left renal artery (64.6%), respectively. The prevalence of accessory renal artery was 39.4% with hilar artery at 21.2% and polar artery at 18.2%, and the prevalence of early division of renal artery was 20.2%. No significant association was found between gender and laterality in the prevalence of both early division and accessory renal artery (p > 0.05). Early division of renal artery was more frequent in females (28%) whilst accessory renal arteries were more common in males (40.7%).
Conclusions: The present study showed a consistent peri-hilar branching pattern with high individual variability among Indian renal donors. The knowledge about the peri-hilar branching pattern as well as renal artery variations conferred by this study would greatly compliment urological surgeons during renal transplant surgeries.

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Keywords

peri-hilar, renal, artery, accessory, early, donors, computed tomography

About this article
Title

Peri-hilar branching pattern and variations of the renal artery among Indian kidney donors using pre-operative computed tomography angiography: an anatomical study and review

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 81, No 4 (2022)

Article type

Original article

Pages

971-982

Published online

2021-10-07

Page views

4494

Article views/downloads

968

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2021.0103

Pubmed

34642929

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2022;81(4):971-982.

Keywords

peri-hilar
renal
artery
accessory
early
donors
computed tomography

Authors

M. Kumaresan
J. Saikarthik
A. Sangeetha
I. Saraswathi
K. Senthil Kumar
P. Roselin

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