open access

Vol 80, No 1 (2021)
Original article
Submitted: 2020-01-15
Accepted: 2020-02-20
Published online: 2020-06-03
Get Citation

Applied anatomy and clinical significance of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) and sambar deer (Rusa unicolor)

K. Keneisenuo1, O.P. Choudhary1, P. Priyanka2, P.C. Kalita1, A. Kalita1, P.J. Doley1, J.K. Chaudhary3
·
Pubmed: 32491187
·
Folia Morphol 2021;80(1):170-176.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
  2. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Jalukie, Peren, Nagaland, India
  3. Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India

open access

Vol 80, No 1 (2021)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2020-01-15
Accepted: 2020-02-20
Published online: 2020-06-03

Abstract

Background: There is no previously reported information on the applied anatomy and clinical significance of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the barking deer and sambar deer.

Materials and methods: Therefore, the present study was designed to provide some important clinical landmarks related to tracking of the infraorbital, mental and mandibular nerves with its clinical implications in regional anaesthesia in both the species.

Results: In the present study, the distance between the most lateral bulging of the facial tuberosity to the infraorbital foramen and from the latter to the root of the alveolar tooth directly ventral to it was found to be 2.65 ± 0.01 cm and 0.90 ± ± 0.02 cm in males; 2.75 ± 0.01 cm, 1.11 ± 0.01 cm in females of barking deer and 4.57 ± 0.01 cm and 1.83 ± 0.02 cm in males; 4.52 ± 0.02 cm and 1.76 ± 0.02 cm in females of sambar deer. The infraorbital foramen was small, elliptical and was located at the level of first superior premolar teeth in barking deer and sambar deer. The facial tuberosity was located above the third superior premolar teeth in the barking deer but was located at the level of the first superior molar teeth in sambar deer. The distance between the lateral alveolar root of the third inferior incisor tooth to the mental foramen was 2.84 ± 0.01 cm in males, 2.78 ± 0.01 cm in females of barking deer and 3.04 ± 0.02 cm in males, 2.96 ± 0.01 cm in females of sambar deer which is an important landmark for achieving the location of the mental foramen nerve for the regional nerve block in both the species. The mandible of both the species showed oval-shaped mental foramen with unossified mandibular symphysis.

Conclusions: The present study revealed that most of the parameters showed a statistically significant difference between the sexes in barking deer and sambar deer; however, from the practical point of view, these differences were meager. The results were discussed with regard to their clinical applications in various regional anaesthesia performed in maxillofacial and mandibular regions of both the species.

Abstract

Background: There is no previously reported information on the applied anatomy and clinical significance of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the barking deer and sambar deer.

Materials and methods: Therefore, the present study was designed to provide some important clinical landmarks related to tracking of the infraorbital, mental and mandibular nerves with its clinical implications in regional anaesthesia in both the species.

Results: In the present study, the distance between the most lateral bulging of the facial tuberosity to the infraorbital foramen and from the latter to the root of the alveolar tooth directly ventral to it was found to be 2.65 ± 0.01 cm and 0.90 ± ± 0.02 cm in males; 2.75 ± 0.01 cm, 1.11 ± 0.01 cm in females of barking deer and 4.57 ± 0.01 cm and 1.83 ± 0.02 cm in males; 4.52 ± 0.02 cm and 1.76 ± 0.02 cm in females of sambar deer. The infraorbital foramen was small, elliptical and was located at the level of first superior premolar teeth in barking deer and sambar deer. The facial tuberosity was located above the third superior premolar teeth in the barking deer but was located at the level of the first superior molar teeth in sambar deer. The distance between the lateral alveolar root of the third inferior incisor tooth to the mental foramen was 2.84 ± 0.01 cm in males, 2.78 ± 0.01 cm in females of barking deer and 3.04 ± 0.02 cm in males, 2.96 ± 0.01 cm in females of sambar deer which is an important landmark for achieving the location of the mental foramen nerve for the regional nerve block in both the species. The mandible of both the species showed oval-shaped mental foramen with unossified mandibular symphysis.

Conclusions: The present study revealed that most of the parameters showed a statistically significant difference between the sexes in barking deer and sambar deer; however, from the practical point of view, these differences were meager. The results were discussed with regard to their clinical applications in various regional anaesthesia performed in maxillofacial and mandibular regions of both the species.

Get Citation

Keywords

barking deer, sambar deer, infraorbital, mental, mandibular, nerve, regional anaesthesia

About this article
Title

Applied anatomy and clinical significance of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) and sambar deer (Rusa unicolor)

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 80, No 1 (2021)

Article type

Original article

Pages

170-176

Published online

2020-06-03

Page views

1431

Article views/downloads

1581

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2020.0061

Pubmed

32491187

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2021;80(1):170-176.

Keywords

barking deer
sambar deer
infraorbital
mental
mandibular
nerve
regional anaesthesia

Authors

K. Keneisenuo
O.P. Choudhary
P. Priyanka
P.C. Kalita
A. Kalita
P.J. Doley
J.K. Chaudhary

References (34)
  1. Adnyane IKM, Zuki ABZ, Noordin MM, et al. Morphological study of the infraorbital gland of the male barking deer, muntiacus muntjak. Afr J Biotech. 2011; 10(77).
  2. Barrette C. Musculature of facial scent glands in the muntjac. J Anat. 1976; 122(Pt 1): 61–66.
  3. Barrette C. Social behavior of muntjac. Ph.D. Thesis submitted to the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 1975.
  4. Choudhary O, Kalita P, Doley P, et al. Applied anatomy of the head region of the indian wild pig (sus scrofa) and its clinical value during regional anesthesia. J Anim Res. 2017; 7(2): 339.
  5. Choudhary OP, Kalita PC, Kalita A, et al. Applied anatomy of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). J Camel Prac Res. 2016; 23(1): 127.
  6. Choudhary O, Kalita P, Konwar B, et al. Morphological and Applied Anatomical Studies on the Head Region of Local Mizo Pig (Zovawk) of Mizoram. Int J Morphol. 2019; 37(1): 196–204.
  7. Choudhary O, Singh I, Bharti S, et al. Gross and Morphometrical Studies on Mandible of Blackbuck (Antelope cervicapra). Int J Morphol. 2015; 33(2): 428–432.
  8. Choudhary O, Singh I. Applied Anatomy of the Maxillofacial and Mandibular Regions of the Indian Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra). J Anim Res. 2015; 5(3): 497.
  9. Choudhary O, Singh I. Morphological and Radiographic Studies on the Skull of Indian Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra). Int J Morphol. 2016; 34(2): 775–783.
  10. Choudhary O, Singh I. Morphometrical Studies on the Skull of Indian Blackbuck (Antelope cervicapra). Int J Morphol. 2015; 33(3): 868–876.
  11. Dalga S. Topographic and morphometric study of the mental foramina of Abaza goats with its clinical implication for regional anesthesia. Folia Morphol. 2019 [Epub ahead of print].
  12. Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG. Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 2nd edn. Elsevier, Philadelphia 1996.
  13. Getty R. Sisson and Grossman’s The Anatomy of the Domestic Animals, 2nd edn. Vol. I. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia 1975.
  14. Ghosh RK. Primary Veterinary Anatomy, 5th edn. Current books international, Kolkata, West Bengal, India 2012.
  15. Hall LW, Clarke KW, Trim CM. Wright’s Veterinary Anesthesia. 10th edn. ELBS and Baillierre Tindall, London 2000.
  16. Karimi I, Onar V, Pazvant G, et al. The cranial morphometric and morphologic characteristics of Mehraban sheep in western Iran. Global Vet. 2011; 6(2): 111–117.
  17. Kataba A, Mwaanga ES, Simukoko H, et al. Clinical anatomy of the head Region of Gwembe Valley dwarf goat in Zambia. Int J Vet Sci. 2014; 3(3): 142–146.
  18. Kumawat R, Joshi S, Mathur R, et al. Gross morphological studies on mandible of Indian spotted deer (Axis axis). Indian Vet J. 2014; 91(9): 105–107.
  19. Lahunta ADE, Habel RE. Applied veterinary anatomy. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia 1986.
  20. Leslie D. Rusa unicolor (Artiodactyla: Cervidae). Mammalian Species. 2011; 43: 1–30.
  21. Long JL. Introduced mammals of the world: their history, distribution and influence. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Victoria, Australia 2003.
  22. Mohamed R, Drisco M, Mootoo N. Clinical anatomy of the skull of the Barbados black belly sheep in Trinidad. Int J Curr Res Med Sci. 2016; 2(8): 8–19.
  23. Monfared AL. Gross anatomical measurements of the head region of the Iranian native cattle (Bos taurus) and their clinical value for regional anesthesia. Global Vet. 2013; 10(2): 219–222.
  24. Ohtaishi N, Gao Y. A review of the distribution of all species of deer (Tragulidae, Moschidae and Cervidae) in China. Mammal Review. 1990; 20(2-3): 125–144.
  25. Olopade JO, Onwuka SK. Osteometric studies of the red Sokoto (Maradi) goats (Capra hircus): Implication for regional anaesthesia of the head. Int J Morphol. 2007; 25(2): 407–410.
  26. Olopade J, Onwuka S. Some Aspects of the Clinical Anatomy of the Mandibular and Maxillofacial Regions of the West African Dwarf Goat in Nigeria. Int J Morphol. 2005; 23(1).
  27. Ommer PA, Harshan KR. Applied Anatomy of Domestic Animals, 1st edn. Jaypee brother's medical publisher, New Delhi, India 1995.
  28. Onar V, Ozcan S, Pazvant G. Skull typology of adult male Kangal dogs. Anat Histol Embryol. 2001; 30(1): 41–48.
  29. Poddar S, Faruq AA, Dey T, et al. Topographic and morphometr ic anatomy of mental foramen of black Bengal goat (Capra hircus) in Bangladesh with its clinical implication for regional anesthesia. Int J Zoo Anim Biol. 2018; 1(1).
  30. Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods. 8th edn. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA 1994.
  31. Sundaram V, Dharani P, Gnanadevi R, et al. Studies on clinical anatomy of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the Madras Red sheep (Ovis aries) in India. Folia Morphol. 2019; 78(2): 389–393.
  32. Timmins RJ, Duckworth JW, Hedges S. Muntiacus muntjak. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, IUCN 2016.
  33. Timmins RJ, Kawanishi K, Giman B, Lynam AJ, Chan B, Steinmetz R, Baral HS, Kumar NS. Rusa unicolor. The red list of threatened species. IUCN 2015.
  34. Uddin M, Ahmed S, Islam K, et al. Clinical anatomy of the head region of the black bengal goat in bangladesh. Int J Morphol. 2009; 27(4).

Regulations

Important: This website uses cookies. More >>

The cookies allow us to identify your computer and find out details about your last visit. They remembering whether you've visited the site before, so that you remain logged in - or to help us work out how many new website visitors we get each month. Most internet browsers accept cookies automatically, but you can change the settings of your browser to erase cookies or prevent automatic acceptance if you prefer.

By VM Media Group sp. z o.o., Grupa Via Medica, Świętokrzyska 73, 80–180 Gdańsk, Poland

tel.: +48 58 320 94 94, faks: +48 58 320 94 60, e-mail: viamedica@viamedica.pl