open access

Vol 80, No 3 (2021)
Review article
Submitted: 2019-10-12
Accepted: 2019-11-17
Published online: 2019-12-03
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New Terminologia Anatomica: cranium and extracranial bones of the head

Piotr Paweł Chmielewski1
·
Pubmed: 31802475
·
Folia Morphol 2021;80(3):477-486.
Affiliations
  1. Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland

open access

Vol 80, No 3 (2021)
REVIEW ARTICLES
Submitted: 2019-10-12
Accepted: 2019-11-17
Published online: 2019-12-03

Abstract

In 2019, the updated and extended version of Terminologia Anatomica was published by the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT). This new edition uses more precise and adequate anatomical names compared to its predecessors. Nevertheless, numerous terms have been modified, which poses a challenge to those who prefer traditional anatomical names, i.e. medical students, teachers, clinicians and their instructors. Therefore, there is a need to popularise this new edition of terminology and explain these recent changes. The anatomy of the head, including the cranium, the extracranial bones of the head, the soft parts of the face and the encephalon, poses a particular challenge for medical students but also engenders enthusiasm in those of them who are astute learners. The new version of anatomical terminology concerning the human skull (FIPAT 2019) is presented and briefly discussed in this synopsis. The aim of this article is to present, popularise and explain these interesting modifications that have recently been endorsed by the FIPAT. Based on teaching experience at the Division of Anatomy/Department of Anatomy at Wroclaw Medical University, a brief description of the human skull is given here. This text can be useful to medical students, teachers, authors and researchers who might want to use the current version of anatomical terminology concerning the human skull.

Abstract

In 2019, the updated and extended version of Terminologia Anatomica was published by the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT). This new edition uses more precise and adequate anatomical names compared to its predecessors. Nevertheless, numerous terms have been modified, which poses a challenge to those who prefer traditional anatomical names, i.e. medical students, teachers, clinicians and their instructors. Therefore, there is a need to popularise this new edition of terminology and explain these recent changes. The anatomy of the head, including the cranium, the extracranial bones of the head, the soft parts of the face and the encephalon, poses a particular challenge for medical students but also engenders enthusiasm in those of them who are astute learners. The new version of anatomical terminology concerning the human skull (FIPAT 2019) is presented and briefly discussed in this synopsis. The aim of this article is to present, popularise and explain these interesting modifications that have recently been endorsed by the FIPAT. Based on teaching experience at the Division of Anatomy/Department of Anatomy at Wroclaw Medical University, a brief description of the human skull is given here. This text can be useful to medical students, teachers, authors and researchers who might want to use the current version of anatomical terminology concerning the human skull.

Get Citation

Keywords

anatomical terminology, anatomical nomenclature, bones of the head, cranium, skull, Nomina Anatomica, Terminologia Anatomica

About this article
Title

New Terminologia Anatomica: cranium and extracranial bones of the head

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 80, No 3 (2021)

Article type

Review article

Pages

477-486

Published online

2019-12-03

Page views

7857

Article views/downloads

2951

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2019.0129

Pubmed

31802475

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2021;80(3):477-486.

Keywords

anatomical terminology
anatomical nomenclature
bones of the head
cranium
skull
Nomina Anatomica
Terminologia Anatomica

Authors

Piotr Paweł Chmielewski

References (8)
  1. Chmielewski PP. New Terminologia Anatomica highlights the importance of clinical anatomy. Folia Morphol. 2020; 79(1): 15–20.
  2. Chmielewski PP, Strzelec B. Should Terminologia Anatomica be revised and extended? A critical literature review. Folia Morphol. 2020; 79(1): 1–14.
  3. Chmielewski PP, Domagała ZA. Terminologia Anatomica and its practical usage: pitfalls and how to avoid them. Folia Morphol. 2020; 79(2): 198–204.
  4. FIPAT. Terminologia Anatomica. International Anatomical Terminology. 2nd edition. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2011.
  5. FIPAT. Terminologia Anatomica. International Anatomical Terminology. 3rd edition. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2019.
  6. Prives M, Lysenkov N, Bushkovich V. Human anatomy. MIR Publishers, Moscow 1985.
  7. Strzelec B, Chmielewski PP, Gworys B. The Terminologia Anatomica matters: examples from didactic, scientific, and clinical practice. Folia Morphol. 2017; 76(3): 340–347.
  8. Zdilla MJ, Russell ML, Koons AW, et al. Metopism: a study of the persistent metopic suture. J Craniofac Surg. 2018; 29(1): 204–208.

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