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Vol 78, No 4 (2019)
Original article
Submitted: 2019-01-22
Accepted: 2019-02-09
Published online: 2019-02-28
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Is the right testis more affected by cryptorchidism than the left testis? An ultrasonographic approach in dogs of different sizes and breeds

V. G.S. Tannouz1, M. J. Mamprim2, M. D. Lopes2, C. A. Santos-Sousa3, P. Souza Junior4, M. A. Babinski5, M. Abidu-Figueiredo6
DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2019.0022
·
Pubmed: 30835343
·
Folia Morphol 2019;78(4):847-852.
Affiliations
  1. Autonomous Veterinarian, Centre for Veterinarian Diagnosis and Support (Centro de Apoio e Diagnóstico Veterinário — CAD), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  2. Veterinarian Radiology and Animal Reproduction Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
  3. Federal University of Acre, Brazil
  4. Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
  5. Morphology Department, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  6. Human and Animal Anatomy Department, Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

open access

Vol 78, No 4 (2019)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2019-01-22
Accepted: 2019-02-09
Published online: 2019-02-28

Abstract

Background: Considered the most common congenital testicular abnormality of companion animals and a predisposition factor to the development of testicular neoplasia, cryptorchidism is defined as the non-descent of one or both testes to their normal anatomical location. Data on the occurrence of cryptorchidism in Brazil are scarce. The purpose of this work was to verify the occurrence of cryptorchidism in dogs of different sizes and breeds.

Materials and methods: Cryptorchidism identification was carried out by ultrasound scanning, from November, 1994 to March, 2007, at the Centre for Veterinarian Diagnosis and Support (Centro de Apoio e Diagnóstico Veterinário — CAD), in Rio de Janeiro. 4924 male dogs of different breeds were examined, revealing 403 (8.2%) cryptorchidism.

Results: In this study, occurrence took place more often on the right testicle (59.5%), more frequently displaying inguinal localisation (59.5%) and unilateral occurrence (70%). Regarding bilateral presentation, the symmetrical form was the most common (86.8%). Cryptorchidism was more common in the inguinal region of dog of small sized breeds and in the abdominal region in dogs of medium- and large-sized breeds.

Conclusions: Ultrasound scan proved a valuable diagnosis tool for cryptorchid testes, giving precise localisation and parenchymal changes thus leading to a safe clinical treatment.

Abstract

Background: Considered the most common congenital testicular abnormality of companion animals and a predisposition factor to the development of testicular neoplasia, cryptorchidism is defined as the non-descent of one or both testes to their normal anatomical location. Data on the occurrence of cryptorchidism in Brazil are scarce. The purpose of this work was to verify the occurrence of cryptorchidism in dogs of different sizes and breeds.

Materials and methods: Cryptorchidism identification was carried out by ultrasound scanning, from November, 1994 to March, 2007, at the Centre for Veterinarian Diagnosis and Support (Centro de Apoio e Diagnóstico Veterinário — CAD), in Rio de Janeiro. 4924 male dogs of different breeds were examined, revealing 403 (8.2%) cryptorchidism.

Results: In this study, occurrence took place more often on the right testicle (59.5%), more frequently displaying inguinal localisation (59.5%) and unilateral occurrence (70%). Regarding bilateral presentation, the symmetrical form was the most common (86.8%). Cryptorchidism was more common in the inguinal region of dog of small sized breeds and in the abdominal region in dogs of medium- and large-sized breeds.

Conclusions: Ultrasound scan proved a valuable diagnosis tool for cryptorchid testes, giving precise localisation and parenchymal changes thus leading to a safe clinical treatment.

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Keywords

cryptorchidism, dog, prevalence, testicle, ultrasound scanning

About this article
Title

Is the right testis more affected by cryptorchidism than the left testis? An ultrasonographic approach in dogs of different sizes and breeds

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 78, No 4 (2019)

Article type

Original article

Pages

847-852

Published online

2019-02-28

Page views

2502

Article views/downloads

2918

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2019.0022

Pubmed

30835343

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2019;78(4):847-852.

Keywords

cryptorchidism
dog
prevalence
testicle
ultrasound scanning

Authors

V. G.S. Tannouz
M. J. Mamprim
M. D. Lopes
C. A. Santos-Sousa
P. Souza Junior
M. A. Babinski
M. Abidu-Figueiredo

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