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Vol 76, No 1 (2017)
Original article
Submitted: 2016-04-07
Accepted: 2016-05-19
Published online: 2016-08-24
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Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by simvastatin attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in rats

A. M. Ahmed
DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2016.0043
·
Pubmed: 27665951
·
Folia Morphol 2017;76(1):15-27.

open access

Vol 76, No 1 (2017)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2016-04-07
Accepted: 2016-05-19
Published online: 2016-08-24

Abstract

Background:The left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) occurs in response to the haemodynamic overload in some physiological and pathological conditions. This study was designed to investigate the possible cardioprotective effect of simvastatin (SIM) treatment against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced LVH and the probable underlying mechanism in adult male Wistar rats.

Materials and methods: Animals were allocated into four groups. Rats of control group received normal saline orally for 30 days and intraperitoneally for the last 7 days. Rats of SIM group received SIM orally (10 mg/kg/day in saline) for 30 days. Rats of ISO group received normal saline orally for 30 days and ISO intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg) for the last 7 days to induce LVH. Rats of ISO/SIM group received SIM for 30 days and ISO intraperitoneally for the last 7 days. At the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed by cervical decapitation under anaesthesia. Truncal blood was collected and serum was separated and used for biochemical assay. The heart was dissected and processed for histological and immunohistochemical studies.

Results: The results of the present study confirmed the ISO-induced myocardial lesions including significant increase of heart weight (HW), heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio, LVH, interstitial myocardial fibrosis (increased collagen types I and III), inflammatory cellular infiltration, necrosis of cardiomyocytes, and increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and thioredoxin in cardiomyocytes. These changes were accompanied by significant increase in serum levels of troponin-T, creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Co-administration of SIM to ISO-injected rats significantly reduced all these cardiac changes and serum biochemical markers in addition to marked depletion of iNOS and thioredoxin expression in cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions: It is concluded that SIM co-administration attenuated ISO-induced cardiac lesions including LVH by inhibiting iNOS expression in cardiomyocytes.  

Abstract

Background:The left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) occurs in response to the haemodynamic overload in some physiological and pathological conditions. This study was designed to investigate the possible cardioprotective effect of simvastatin (SIM) treatment against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced LVH and the probable underlying mechanism in adult male Wistar rats.

Materials and methods: Animals were allocated into four groups. Rats of control group received normal saline orally for 30 days and intraperitoneally for the last 7 days. Rats of SIM group received SIM orally (10 mg/kg/day in saline) for 30 days. Rats of ISO group received normal saline orally for 30 days and ISO intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg) for the last 7 days to induce LVH. Rats of ISO/SIM group received SIM for 30 days and ISO intraperitoneally for the last 7 days. At the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed by cervical decapitation under anaesthesia. Truncal blood was collected and serum was separated and used for biochemical assay. The heart was dissected and processed for histological and immunohistochemical studies.

Results: The results of the present study confirmed the ISO-induced myocardial lesions including significant increase of heart weight (HW), heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio, LVH, interstitial myocardial fibrosis (increased collagen types I and III), inflammatory cellular infiltration, necrosis of cardiomyocytes, and increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and thioredoxin in cardiomyocytes. These changes were accompanied by significant increase in serum levels of troponin-T, creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Co-administration of SIM to ISO-injected rats significantly reduced all these cardiac changes and serum biochemical markers in addition to marked depletion of iNOS and thioredoxin expression in cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions: It is concluded that SIM co-administration attenuated ISO-induced cardiac lesions including LVH by inhibiting iNOS expression in cardiomyocytes.  

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Keywords

left ventricular hypertrophy, isoproterenol, simvastatin, inducible nitric oxide synthase, thioredoxin, collagen, rats, immunohistochemistry

About this article
Title

Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by simvastatin attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in rats

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 76, No 1 (2017)

Article type

Original article

Pages

15-27

Published online

2016-08-24

Page views

1540

Article views/downloads

1085

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2016.0043

Pubmed

27665951

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2017;76(1):15-27.

Keywords

left ventricular hypertrophy
isoproterenol
simvastatin
inducible nitric oxide synthase
thioredoxin
collagen
rats
immunohistochemistry

Authors

A. M. Ahmed

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