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Persistent jugulocephalic vein: case report including commentaries on distribution of valves, blood flow direction and embryology
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Abstract
This paper is a detailed case study of the persistent anastomotic channel between the cephalic vein and the external jugular vein, running anterior to the clavicle, corresponding to the jugulocephalic vein present at early stages of the ontogenesis in humans. This connection is not only a relic of early foetal development seldom occurring in adults, but it may also be of clinical significance, increasing the risk of complications during the cephalic vein catheterisation, clavicular fractures or head and neck surgery. The novelty in this paper was to determine the presence and distribution of valves within the persistent jugulocephalic vein. Three bicuspid venous valves were found that allowed the blood to flow only in one direction — from the cephalic vein to the external jugular vein. The anastomosis between the persistent jugulocephalic vein and the thoracoacromial veins was additionally present. Due to lack of similar data in the literature, further research should be performed on the presence and distribution of the venous valves in various types of the persistent jugulocephalic vein in humans.
Abstract
This paper is a detailed case study of the persistent anastomotic channel between the cephalic vein and the external jugular vein, running anterior to the clavicle, corresponding to the jugulocephalic vein present at early stages of the ontogenesis in humans. This connection is not only a relic of early foetal development seldom occurring in adults, but it may also be of clinical significance, increasing the risk of complications during the cephalic vein catheterisation, clavicular fractures or head and neck surgery. The novelty in this paper was to determine the presence and distribution of valves within the persistent jugulocephalic vein. Three bicuspid venous valves were found that allowed the blood to flow only in one direction — from the cephalic vein to the external jugular vein. The anastomosis between the persistent jugulocephalic vein and the thoracoacromial veins was additionally present. Due to lack of similar data in the literature, further research should be performed on the presence and distribution of the venous valves in various types of the persistent jugulocephalic vein in humans.
Keywords
cephalic vein, cephalic vein catheterisation, external jugular vein, venous valves
About this articleTitle
Persistent jugulocephalic vein: case report including commentaries on distribution of valves, blood flow direction and embryology
Journal
Issue
Article type
Case report
Pages
271-274
Published online
2015-09-17
Page views
1708
Article views/downloads
1267
DOI
Pubmed
Bibliographic record
Folia Morphol 2016;75(2):271-274.
Keywords
cephalic vein
cephalic vein catheterisation
external jugular vein
venous valves
Authors
G. Wysiadecki
M. Polguj
M. Topol
