open access

Vol 74, No 3 (2015)
Original article
Submitted: 2014-06-30
Accepted: 2014-11-16
Published online: 2015-09-02
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Typology of the antegonial notch in the human mandible

M. Porwolik, K. Porwolik, Z. A. Domagała, S. Woźniak, P. Dąbrowski, R. Kacała, H. Kordecki, P. Chmielewski, S. Abu Faraj, B. Gworys
DOI: 10.5603/FM.2015.0055
·
Pubmed: 26339819
·
Folia Morphol 2015;74(3):365-371.

open access

Vol 74, No 3 (2015)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2014-06-30
Accepted: 2014-11-16
Published online: 2015-09-02

Abstract

Background: Surgical treatment for serious malocclusions and fractures of the organ of mastication is a golden standard in medicine. Procedures performed on the mandible require detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the organ. Antegonial notching constitutes a serious technical challenge for surgeons. Therefore, a detailed anatomical description of this structure, which is the subject of this paper, is essential.

Materials and methods: We analysed 251 human Caucasian mandibles of identified sex and took measurements of all sections describing the mandibular antegonial notch. Depending on the proportion between sections we classified the shape of the antegonial notch into three types. The surface area of the notch was calculated. We analysed the dimorphic and bilateral differences for each of the three types of notch. We used variance analysis for the assessment of statistical difference.

Results: The analysis revealed that in both men and women, regardless of body side, the type 3 antegonial notch was the most frequent. Type 3 occurred with a frequency of between 38% in men on the right side and 55.9% in women on the left side of the body. Type 1 was the least frequent. Dimorphic differences in the presence of individual types of antegonial notch were statistically significant only for the left side of the body. The symmetrical type (type 2) occurred more frequently in men (by 11%) than in women. Type 3 was found more frequently in women (by 10%) than in men. Bilateral differences in men were revealed for the frequencies of types 1 and 3. On the right side type 1 was more frequent (by 8%), and on the left side type 3 was also more frequent (by 8%). The greatest surface area was found for the asymmetrical posterior type (type 1). The smallest surface area was found for the asymmetrical anterior type 3. This difference was statistically significant with respect to the surface area of types 1 and type 2 and found for both sexes for both sides of the body. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the surface areas of types 1 or 2.

Conclusions: Knowledge of the preangular notch anatomy can be useful for surgeons during reconstructive and plastic procedures on the body of the mandible.

Abstract

Background: Surgical treatment for serious malocclusions and fractures of the organ of mastication is a golden standard in medicine. Procedures performed on the mandible require detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the organ. Antegonial notching constitutes a serious technical challenge for surgeons. Therefore, a detailed anatomical description of this structure, which is the subject of this paper, is essential.

Materials and methods: We analysed 251 human Caucasian mandibles of identified sex and took measurements of all sections describing the mandibular antegonial notch. Depending on the proportion between sections we classified the shape of the antegonial notch into three types. The surface area of the notch was calculated. We analysed the dimorphic and bilateral differences for each of the three types of notch. We used variance analysis for the assessment of statistical difference.

Results: The analysis revealed that in both men and women, regardless of body side, the type 3 antegonial notch was the most frequent. Type 3 occurred with a frequency of between 38% in men on the right side and 55.9% in women on the left side of the body. Type 1 was the least frequent. Dimorphic differences in the presence of individual types of antegonial notch were statistically significant only for the left side of the body. The symmetrical type (type 2) occurred more frequently in men (by 11%) than in women. Type 3 was found more frequently in women (by 10%) than in men. Bilateral differences in men were revealed for the frequencies of types 1 and 3. On the right side type 1 was more frequent (by 8%), and on the left side type 3 was also more frequent (by 8%). The greatest surface area was found for the asymmetrical posterior type (type 1). The smallest surface area was found for the asymmetrical anterior type 3. This difference was statistically significant with respect to the surface area of types 1 and type 2 and found for both sexes for both sides of the body. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the surface areas of types 1 or 2.

Conclusions: Knowledge of the preangular notch anatomy can be useful for surgeons during reconstructive and plastic procedures on the body of the mandible.

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Keywords

mandible anatomy, antegonial notch, variance analysis

About this article
Title

Typology of the antegonial notch in the human mandible

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 74, No 3 (2015)

Article type

Original article

Pages

365-371

Published online

2015-09-02

Page views

2065

Article views/downloads

9669

DOI

10.5603/FM.2015.0055

Pubmed

26339819

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2015;74(3):365-371.

Keywords

mandible anatomy
antegonial notch
variance analysis

Authors

M. Porwolik
K. Porwolik
Z. A. Domagała
S. Woźniak
P. Dąbrowski
R. Kacała
H. Kordecki
P. Chmielewski
S. Abu Faraj
B. Gworys

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