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A three-headed psoas major muscle: a case report
Affiliations- Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
- Nursing Department, Masovian Academy in Płock, Poland
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Abstract
Background: Multiple anatomical variations, from anomalous courses to additional structures, have been reported in muscles from different compartments of the human body. We report an extremely rare case of a psoas major muscle presenting as a three-headed structure with variable morphology.
Materials and methods: During a routine dissection of the posterior abdominal wall of a 82-year-old male cadaver, an anomalous PM muscle with supernumerary head was identified, photographed and subjected to further measurement.
Results: Although the anatomy of the dissected posterior abdominal wall structures was typical, a three-headed psoas major muscle composed of superficial, intermediate and deep heads was identified.
Conclusions: It is important to be aware of morphological variability of muscles, especially those considered to be constant, since an anomalous structure might interfere not only with their functions, but also lead to further clinical consequences.
Abstract
Background: Multiple anatomical variations, from anomalous courses to additional structures, have been reported in muscles from different compartments of the human body. We report an extremely rare case of a psoas major muscle presenting as a three-headed structure with variable morphology.
Materials and methods: During a routine dissection of the posterior abdominal wall of a 82-year-old male cadaver, an anomalous PM muscle with supernumerary head was identified, photographed and subjected to further measurement.
Results: Although the anatomy of the dissected posterior abdominal wall structures was typical, a three-headed psoas major muscle composed of superficial, intermediate and deep heads was identified.
Conclusions: It is important to be aware of morphological variability of muscles, especially those considered to be constant, since an anomalous structure might interfere not only with their functions, but also lead to further clinical consequences.
Keywords
Psoas major muscle, iliopsoas muscle complex, anatomical variations, muscle disproportions
About this articleTitle
A three-headed psoas major muscle: a case report
Journal
Issue
Article type
Case report
Published online
2024-04-03
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91
Article views/downloads
60
DOI
Pubmed
Keywords
Psoas major muscle
iliopsoas muscle complex
anatomical variations
muscle disproportions
Authors
Marta Pośnik
Nicol Zielinska
Łukasz Olewnik
Mariola Głowacka
Piotr Łabętowicz
