open access

Vol 82, No 1 (2023)
Original article
Submitted: 2021-09-05
Accepted: 2021-12-10
Published online: 2021-12-16
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Morphological classification and clinical significance of medial malleolus based on computed tomography three-dimensional reconstruction

L. Xin1, K. Liu2, B. He1, M. Chen3, B. Tang1, C. Tang1, L. Zhang4567
·
Pubmed: 34966997
·
Folia Morphol 2023;82(1):176-182.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Jiang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yibin Sichuan, China
  2. Department of Radiology, Yibin Third People’s Hospital, Yibin Sichuan, China
  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Jiang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yibin Sichuan, China
  4. Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou Sichuan, China
  5. Centre for Orthopaedic Diseases Research, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou Sichuan, China
  6. Expert Workstation in Luzhou, Luzhou Sichuan, China
  7. Clinical Base of Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Guangdong Province Medical 3D Printing Application Transformation Engineering Technology Research Centre, Luzhou Sichuan, China

open access

Vol 82, No 1 (2023)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2021-09-05
Accepted: 2021-12-10
Published online: 2021-12-16

Abstract

Background: Internal malleolus fractures and postoperative functional limitations are serious complications of deltoid ligament repair, reconstruction, while studies on conducting beak. Anatomical structure classification of medial malleolus at home and abroad is reported rarely. Hence, this morphological study is mainly designed to investigate the anatomical morphological classification and clinical significance of medial malleolus based on computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional reconstruction.
Materials and methods: From October 2018 to January 2021, 373 patients who underwent CT examination of malleolus medialis joint in the Jiang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were observed. The medial malleolus was observed and classified; then, geometric parameters were measured according to different medial malleolus types.
Results: According to the results of 373 cases, medial malleolus can be divided into four types: omega type (66%), radical sign type (16%), inverted triangle type (14%), and wave type (4%).
Conclusions: There are four main shapes: omega, inverted triangle, radical sign, and wave in the medial malleolus of all normal ankles. The measurement of medial malleolus parameters according to medial malleolus in different shapes was of importance to guide smooth operation of medial malleolus fixation and deltoid ligament reconstruction and epidemiological.

Abstract

Background: Internal malleolus fractures and postoperative functional limitations are serious complications of deltoid ligament repair, reconstruction, while studies on conducting beak. Anatomical structure classification of medial malleolus at home and abroad is reported rarely. Hence, this morphological study is mainly designed to investigate the anatomical morphological classification and clinical significance of medial malleolus based on computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional reconstruction.
Materials and methods: From October 2018 to January 2021, 373 patients who underwent CT examination of malleolus medialis joint in the Jiang’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were observed. The medial malleolus was observed and classified; then, geometric parameters were measured according to different medial malleolus types.
Results: According to the results of 373 cases, medial malleolus can be divided into four types: omega type (66%), radical sign type (16%), inverted triangle type (14%), and wave type (4%).
Conclusions: There are four main shapes: omega, inverted triangle, radical sign, and wave in the medial malleolus of all normal ankles. The measurement of medial malleolus parameters according to medial malleolus in different shapes was of importance to guide smooth operation of medial malleolus fixation and deltoid ligament reconstruction and epidemiological.

Get Citation

Keywords

medial malleolus, deltoid ligament, anatomical morphology, computed tomography three-dimensional reconstruction

About this article
Title

Morphological classification and clinical significance of medial malleolus based on computed tomography three-dimensional reconstruction

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 82, No 1 (2023)

Article type

Original article

Pages

176-182

Published online

2021-12-16

Page views

3345

Article views/downloads

994

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2021.0135

Pubmed

34966997

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2023;82(1):176-182.

Keywords

medial malleolus
deltoid ligament
anatomical morphology
computed tomography three-dimensional reconstruction

Authors

L. Xin
K. Liu
B. He
M. Chen
B. Tang
C. Tang
L. Zhang

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