Vol 70, No 2 (2011)
Original article
Published online: 2011-06-01
An anatomical study on the three-headed biceps brachii in human foetuses, and clinical relevance
Folia Morphol 2011;70(2):116-120.
Abstract
The biceps brachii (BB) is as one of the most variable muscles in the human body
in terms of number and morphology of its heads. The most frequent variation is
the presence of a third head, which has been reported by several authors in
different populations. Our aim was to find the occurrence of the supernumerary
head of BB in Turkish foetuses. Out of the 24 upper limbs of the foetuses, two
(8.33%) arms were found to have a three-headed BB. The variations were present
unilaterally in the right arm of one male foetus and one female foetus. In one of
the cases, the third head of BB originated from the anteromedial aspect of the
humerus just distal to the insertion of the coracobrachilais, medial to the brachialis,
and in the other the third head was a thin muscle bundle, which arose on
the lateral side of the insertion of coracobrachialis and over the origin of the
brachialis. Both of them were extended distally and joined the common tendon.
The occasional presence of the three-headed BB in the foetuses observed in the
present study was similar to those of adults reported in previous studies. In conclusion,
these variations are not rare and are interesting not only to anatomists
but also to orthopaedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, traumatologists, physiotherapists,
doctors dealing with sports medicine, and radiologists. (Folia Morphol 2011;
70, 2: 116–120)
Keywords: armvariationsupernumerary headupper limbthird headTurkish