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open access

Vol 71, No 2 (2012)
REVIEW ARTICLES
Published online: 2012-07-02
Submitted: 2012-02-21
Accepted: 2012-04-15
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A review of the Tragal Pointer: anatomy and its importance as a landmark in surgical procedures.

M. Muhleman, Ch. Wartmann, R. Hage, P. Matusz, M. Shoja, R. Shane Tubbs, M. Loukas
Folia Morphol 2012;71(2).

open access

Vol 71, No 2 (2012)
REVIEW ARTICLES
Published online: 2012-07-02
Submitted: 2012-02-21
Accepted: 2012-04-15

Abstract

The tragal pointer has long been used as a surgical landmark for the identification of the facial nerve trunk and the maxillary artery in such procedures as parotidectomy, internal fixation of subcondylar and condylar fractures, mandibular osteotomy, temporomandibular joint arthroplasty and percutaneous blocks of branches of the trigeminal nerve and pterygopalatine ganglion. Aside from its use as an external landmark, it has also been implicated as a contributor to crease formation in the presence of peripheral arterial disease. This article will review the available literature on the tragal pointers use as an external landmark.

Abstract

The tragal pointer has long been used as a surgical landmark for the identification of the facial nerve trunk and the maxillary artery in such procedures as parotidectomy, internal fixation of subcondylar and condylar fractures, mandibular osteotomy, temporomandibular joint arthroplasty and percutaneous blocks of branches of the trigeminal nerve and pterygopalatine ganglion. Aside from its use as an external landmark, it has also been implicated as a contributor to crease formation in the presence of peripheral arterial disease. This article will review the available literature on the tragal pointers use as an external landmark.

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About this article
Title

A review of the Tragal Pointer: anatomy and its importance as a landmark in surgical procedures.

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 71, No 2 (2012)

Published online

2012-07-02

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2012;71(2).

Authors

M. Muhleman
Ch. Wartmann
R. Hage
P. Matusz
M. Shoja
R. Shane Tubbs
M. Loukas

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