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Vol 57, No 4 (2019)
Original paper
Submitted: 2019-12-04
Accepted: 2019-12-11
Published online: 2019-12-16
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Increased expression of CART, nNOS, VIP, PACAP, SP and GAL in enteric neurons of the porcine stomach prepyloric region following hydrochloric acid infusion

Jaroslaw Calka1
DOI: 10.5603/FHC.a2019.0020
·
Pubmed: 31840794
·
Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2019;57(4):179-187.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, M. Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland

open access

Vol 57, No 4 (2019)
ORIGINAL PAPERS
Submitted: 2019-12-04
Accepted: 2019-12-11
Published online: 2019-12-16

Abstract

Introduction. Stomach hyperacidity leads to damage of the mucus/bicarbonate barrier, ulcerations and the development of stomach cancer. Key regulators of the mucosal barrier/luminal acid balance are neurotransmitters secreted by intramural neurons. The aim of the current study was to determine the expression of gastric neuropeptides and nNOS in the porcine stomach following hydrochloric acid instillation. We report on increased expression of enteric neurotransmitters involved in adaptive reaction to an experimentally-induced hyperacidity state.


Material and methods. The investigation was conducted on eight 12–18 kg pigs. The influence of intragastric infusion of hydrochloric acid on the expression of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), substance P (SP) and galanin (GAL) in the submucous and myenteric gastric neurons of the pig has been studied with double immunofluorescence.

Results. A mimicked hyperacidity state significantly increased the proportion of enteric neurons immunoreactive to CART, nNOS, VIP, PACAP, SP and GAL in the submucous gastric neurons. In the myenteric plexus, a significant increase of the number of VIP-, CART- and GAL-immunoreactive (IR) neurons was found. Similarly, the percentage of myenteric nNOS-IR and PACAP-IR neurons tended to increase, while the fraction of SP-IR cells did not change.


Conclusions. Stomach hyperacidity modifies the expression of the studied neurotransmitters in a specific way depending on the location of the neurons in particular plexuses of the stomach. Increased numbers of neurons expressing CART, nNOS, VIP, PACAP, SP and GAL clearly indicate their regulatory engagement in the restoration of the physiological gastric balance following hyperacidity.

Abstract

Introduction. Stomach hyperacidity leads to damage of the mucus/bicarbonate barrier, ulcerations and the development of stomach cancer. Key regulators of the mucosal barrier/luminal acid balance are neurotransmitters secreted by intramural neurons. The aim of the current study was to determine the expression of gastric neuropeptides and nNOS in the porcine stomach following hydrochloric acid instillation. We report on increased expression of enteric neurotransmitters involved in adaptive reaction to an experimentally-induced hyperacidity state.


Material and methods. The investigation was conducted on eight 12–18 kg pigs. The influence of intragastric infusion of hydrochloric acid on the expression of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), substance P (SP) and galanin (GAL) in the submucous and myenteric gastric neurons of the pig has been studied with double immunofluorescence.

Results. A mimicked hyperacidity state significantly increased the proportion of enteric neurons immunoreactive to CART, nNOS, VIP, PACAP, SP and GAL in the submucous gastric neurons. In the myenteric plexus, a significant increase of the number of VIP-, CART- and GAL-immunoreactive (IR) neurons was found. Similarly, the percentage of myenteric nNOS-IR and PACAP-IR neurons tended to increase, while the fraction of SP-IR cells did not change.


Conclusions. Stomach hyperacidity modifies the expression of the studied neurotransmitters in a specific way depending on the location of the neurons in particular plexuses of the stomach. Increased numbers of neurons expressing CART, nNOS, VIP, PACAP, SP and GAL clearly indicate their regulatory engagement in the restoration of the physiological gastric balance following hyperacidity.

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Keywords

pig; stomach; hyperacidity; enteric nervous system; neuropeptides; IHC

About this article
Title

Increased expression of CART, nNOS, VIP, PACAP, SP and GAL in enteric neurons of the porcine stomach prepyloric region following hydrochloric acid infusion

Journal

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

Issue

Vol 57, No 4 (2019)

Article type

Original paper

Pages

179-187

Published online

2019-12-16

Page views

1734

Article views/downloads

1059

DOI

10.5603/FHC.a2019.0020

Pubmed

31840794

Bibliographic record

Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2019;57(4):179-187.

Keywords

pig
stomach
hyperacidity
enteric nervous system
neuropeptides
IHC

Authors

Jaroslaw Calka

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