Proteomics of M-phase entry: &#8216;Omen&#8217; vs. &#8216;Omre&#8217;, the battle for oocyte quality and beyond

Jacek Z. Kubiak

doi:10.5603/FHC.2011.0001

Vol 49, No 1 (2011)

Review paper

Submitted: 2011-12-19

Published online: 2011-04-19

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Proteomics of M-phase entry: ‘Omen’ vs. ‘Omre’, the battle for oocyte quality and beyond

Jacek Z. Kubiak

DOI: 10.5603/FHC.2011.0001

Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2011;49(1):1-7.

Vol 49, No 1 (2011)

REVIEW

Submitted: 2011-12-19

Published online: 2011-04-19

Abstract

The understanding of cell cycle regulation benefited greatly from omic approaches. Because the cell cycle engine relies heavily on proteins, proteomic methods play a key role in identification of cell cycle players. The proteomic approach delivers an enormous volume of data, but it often lacks comprehensiveness. To ensure the comprehensiveness of results the discovery of novel proteins must be followed by functional analysis. Using Xenopus laevis oocytes in two different proteomic screens, we have recently identified a number of proteins whose behavior suggested specific and unexpected roles in M-phase entry. Functional analysis of EP45 identified in one of these screens has shown that M-phase entry is stimulated by Oocyte-Maturation-ENhancer (‘Omen’) activity. The second screen suggests the presence of an antagonistic activity, which we call ‘Omre’ (Oocyte- -Maturation-REpressor). The equilibrium between Omen and Omre activities may determine the quality of oocytes and further embryo development via participation in making the decision whether to enter oocyte maturation. It remains an open question whether similar activities operate during mitotic divisions in embryonic and adult cells. Identifying such activities in somatic cells might impact on cancer treatments. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011, Vol. 49, No. 1, 1–7)

Abstract

The understanding of cell cycle regulation benefited greatly from omic approaches. Because the cell cycle engine relies heavily on proteins, proteomic methods play a key role in identification of cell cycle players. The proteomic approach delivers an enormous volume of data, but it often lacks comprehensiveness. To ensure the comprehensiveness of results the discovery of novel proteins must be followed by functional analysis. Using Xenopus laevis oocytes in two different proteomic screens, we have recently identified a number of proteins whose behavior suggested specific and unexpected roles in M-phase entry. Functional analysis of EP45 identified in one of these screens has shown that M-phase entry is stimulated by Oocyte-Maturation-ENhancer (‘Omen’) activity. The second screen suggests the presence of an antagonistic activity, which we call ‘Omre’ (Oocyte- -Maturation-REpressor). The equilibrium between Omen and Omre activities may determine the quality of oocytes and further embryo development via participation in making the decision whether to enter oocyte maturation. It remains an open question whether similar activities operate during mitotic divisions in embryonic and adult cells. Identifying such activities in somatic cells might impact on cancer treatments. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011, Vol. 49, No. 1, 1–7)

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Keywords

Bet-hedging; cell cycle; EP45; M-phase entry; oocyte; proteomics; Xenopus laevis

About this article

Title

Proteomics of M-phase entry: ‘Omen’ vs. ‘Omre’, the battle for oocyte quality and beyond

Journal

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

Issue

Vol 49, No 1 (2011)

Article type

Review paper

Pages

1-7

Published online

2011-04-19

Page views

1483

Article views/downloads

1740

DOI

10.5603/FHC.2011.0001

Bibliographic record

Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2011;49(1):1-7.

Keywords

Bet-hedging
cell cycle
EP45
M-phase entry
oocyte
proteomics
Xenopus laevis

Authors

Jacek Z. Kubiak