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open access

Vol 29, No 5 (2022)
Original Article
Submitted: 2022-05-31
Accepted: 2022-06-06
Published online: 2022-06-15
View PDF Download PDF file View HTML Supp./Additional Files [1]
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Diagnostic value of lactate dehydrogenase in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Bartosz Fialek1, Michal Pruc2, Jacek Smereka23, Rafal Jas4, Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah5, Andrea Denegri6, Agnieszka Szarpak7, Milosz J. Jaguszewski8, Frank W. Peacock9, Lukasz Szarpak9
DOI: 10.5603/CJ.a2022.0056
·
Pubmed: 35762075
·
Cardiol J 2022;29(5):751-758.
Affiliations
  1. Rheumatology Department, Marshal Jozef Pilsudski Memorial Hospital, Plonsk, Poland
  2. Research Unit, Polish Society of Disaster Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
  3. Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
  4. Students Research Club, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, Warsaw, Poland
  5. Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  6. Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
  7. Institute of Outcomes Research, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, Warsaw, Poland
  8. 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
  9. Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Houston, TX, United States

open access

Vol 29, No 5 (2022)
Original articles — COVID-19
Submitted: 2022-05-31
Accepted: 2022-06-06
Published online: 2022-06-15

Abstract

Background: This meta-analysis outlines the role of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in
assessing the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: The current study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Embase, Pub-
Med, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identify
the usefulness of LDH as a marker of COVID-19 severity. All extracted data were analyzed using
RevMan V.5.4 or STATA V.14 software.

Results: A total of 264 records were selected for this meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that LDH
levels were statistically significantly lower in the group of survivors compared to patients who died in
hospital (standardized mean differences [SMD] = –3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –3.40 to –2.79;
I2 = 99%; p < 0.001). Lower LDH levels were observed in non-severe groups compared to severe course
of COVID-19 (SMD = –2.38; 95% CI: –2.61 to –2.14; I2 = 99%; p < 0.001). The level of LDH was
statistically significantly lower in the severe group compared to the critical group (SMD = –1.48; 95%
CI: –2.04 to –0.92; I2 = 98%; p < 0.001). Patients who did not require treatment in the intensive care
unit (ICU) showed significantly lower levels of LDH compared to patients who required treatment in the
ICU (SMD = –3.78; 95% CI: –4.48 to –3.08; I2 = 100%; p < 0.001).

Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that elevated LDH was associated with a poor outcome in
COVID-19.

Abstract

Background: This meta-analysis outlines the role of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in
assessing the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: The current study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Embase, Pub-
Med, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identify
the usefulness of LDH as a marker of COVID-19 severity. All extracted data were analyzed using
RevMan V.5.4 or STATA V.14 software.

Results: A total of 264 records were selected for this meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that LDH
levels were statistically significantly lower in the group of survivors compared to patients who died in
hospital (standardized mean differences [SMD] = –3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –3.40 to –2.79;
I2 = 99%; p < 0.001). Lower LDH levels were observed in non-severe groups compared to severe course
of COVID-19 (SMD = –2.38; 95% CI: –2.61 to –2.14; I2 = 99%; p < 0.001). The level of LDH was
statistically significantly lower in the severe group compared to the critical group (SMD = –1.48; 95%
CI: –2.04 to –0.92; I2 = 98%; p < 0.001). Patients who did not require treatment in the intensive care
unit (ICU) showed significantly lower levels of LDH compared to patients who required treatment in the
ICU (SMD = –3.78; 95% CI: –4.48 to –3.08; I2 = 100%; p < 0.001).

Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that elevated LDH was associated with a poor outcome in
COVID-19.

Full Text:

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Keywords

lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, marker, severity, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, meta-analysis

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About this article
Title

Diagnostic value of lactate dehydrogenase in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal

Cardiology Journal

Issue

Vol 29, No 5 (2022)

Article type

Original Article

Pages

751-758

Published online

2022-06-15

Page views

5034

Article views/downloads

1013

DOI

10.5603/CJ.a2022.0056

Pubmed

35762075

Bibliographic record

Cardiol J 2022;29(5):751-758.

Keywords

lactate dehydrogenase
LDH
marker
severity
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
meta-analysis

Authors

Bartosz Fialek
Michal Pruc
Jacek Smereka
Rafal Jas
Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah
Andrea Denegri
Agnieszka Szarpak
Milosz J. Jaguszewski
Frank W. Peacock
Lukasz Szarpak

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