Vol 13, No 5 (2006): Folia Cardiologica
Original articles
Published online: 2006-05-25

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Primary versus facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock

Piotr Chodór, Hubert Krupa, Tomasz Wąs, Teresa Zielińska, Radosław Lenarczyk, Mariusz Gąsior, Lech Poloński, Marian Zembala, Zbigniew Kalarus
Folia Cardiol 2006;13(5):384-389.

Abstract

Background: Mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) due to acute myocardial infarction (MI) may be decreased by fibrynolytic therapy combined with intraaortic balloon counterpulsation or by invasive treatment, either with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim of the study was to compare in-hospital and long-term outcomes in patients with acute MI complicated by CS who were treated with primary or facilitated PCI.
Methods: Among 98 consecutive patients with acute MI complicated by CS, 93 patients were treated with PCI and 5 patients underwent CABG. Patients treated with PCI were divided into two groups: group I included 59 patients treated with facilitated PCI and group II included 34 patients treated with primary PCI. Patients in group II were older, had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and more often presented with 1-vessel disease and previous MI, while 3-vessel disease was more common in group I (all p < 0.05).
Results: Immediate PCI success rate was similar in both groups (83% in group I vs. 74% in group II, p = NS), as was in-hospital mortality (41% vs. 36%, respectively, p = NS) and mortality rate in the cardiac cathetherization laboratory (20% vs. 15%, respectively, p = NS). The need for repeated PCI was significantly more common in group I (22% vs. 3%, p = 0.02). The two groups did not differ with respect to the need for CABG or the rate of hemorrhagic complications. During one year follow-up, three deaths occurred in every group, including two patients in each group who died suddenly.
Conclusions: Comparable immediate PCI success rate, in-hospital mortality, and long-term mortality were seen in patients with acute MI complicated by CS treated with primary or facilitated PCI. More coronary reinterventions were needed in patients treated with facilitated PCI compared to those treated with primary PCI.

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