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Comparison of different methods of morphine inhalation in dyspnoea and cough
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Abstract
Background. Preliminary results of opioid receptor visualization in human lung suggest that morphine might have different mechanisms of action depending on whether it reaches the bronchial epithelium or alveoli.
Methods. The aim of the present study was to create and compare two pneumodosimetric methods of morphine inhalation to receive high drug deposition either in central or peripheral respiratory tract. To do so, we produced particles of different diameters and applied aerosol to certain volume of inspired air.
Results and conclusions. Bronchial control treatment system - Sidestream (BCTS-S) which produced larger particles and administered drugs only to the second (50-75%) part of inspiration seems to be an optimal method for delivering morphine near opioid receptors in the bronchial epithelium. In bronchial control treatment system - Micro Cirrus (BCTS-MC) characterized by small particles and aerosol given at the beginning of inspiration we can expect high deposition of drug in the alveoli. In the second part of the study, the aerosol particle distribution was assessed for BCTS-S and BCTS-MC and related 2 pneumatic methods (IP-S and IP-MC, respectively). In all cases, 100% particles were smaller than 5.5 µm which suggest they can reach the respiratory tract. In BCTS-MC and IP-MC 100% aerosol particles had diameter lower than 3.5 µm, which vote for possibility of preferential deposition in peripheral respiratory tract.
Abstract
Background. Preliminary results of opioid receptor visualization in human lung suggest that morphine might have different mechanisms of action depending on whether it reaches the bronchial epithelium or alveoli.
Methods. The aim of the present study was to create and compare two pneumodosimetric methods of morphine inhalation to receive high drug deposition either in central or peripheral respiratory tract. To do so, we produced particles of different diameters and applied aerosol to certain volume of inspired air.
Results and conclusions. Bronchial control treatment system - Sidestream (BCTS-S) which produced larger particles and administered drugs only to the second (50-75%) part of inspiration seems to be an optimal method for delivering morphine near opioid receptors in the bronchial epithelium. In bronchial control treatment system - Micro Cirrus (BCTS-MC) characterized by small particles and aerosol given at the beginning of inspiration we can expect high deposition of drug in the alveoli. In the second part of the study, the aerosol particle distribution was assessed for BCTS-S and BCTS-MC and related 2 pneumatic methods (IP-S and IP-MC, respectively). In all cases, 100% particles were smaller than 5.5 µm which suggest they can reach the respiratory tract. In BCTS-MC and IP-MC 100% aerosol particles had diameter lower than 3.5 µm, which vote for possibility of preferential deposition in peripheral respiratory tract.
Keywords
morphine; pneumodosimeter; inhalation; aerosol particle
About this articleTitle
Comparison of different methods of morphine inhalation in dyspnoea and cough
Journal
Advances in Palliative Medicine
Issue
Vol 5, No 4 (2006): Polish Palliative Medicine
Pages
145-153
Published online
2007-01-15
Page views
504
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3653
Bibliographic record
Advances in Palliative Medicine 2006;5(4):145-153.
Keywords
morphine
pneumodosimeter
inhalation
aerosol particle
Authors
Małgorzata Krajnik
Zygmunt Podolec