The significance of vascular endothelial growth factor in the neoangiogenesis process. The role of hypoxia in the endothelial cells proliferation process and in the formation of collateral circulation

Abstract

The formation of new vessels is a complex problem. In this process the key role is played by the vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It is secreted, among others, by macrophages and endothelial cells. Genes for VEGF are located on the sixth chromosome. Hypoxia is a mandatory signal for the start of the angiogenesis process. Activated through hypoxia, HIF proteins move to the cells nucleus and regulate expression of vascular-endothelial growth factor. VEGF through its receptors on endothelial cells leads to the proliferation of new vessels.