Vol 13, No 6 (2017)
Review paper
Published online: 2018-01-04
The management of nivolumab-induced endocrine immune-related adverse events
DOI: 10.5603/OCP.2017.0035
Oncol Clin Pract 2017;13(6):295-300.
Abstract
Immune-mediated endocrine adverse events induced by nivolumab therapy are related to the activation of the immunological system, and often they affect the pituitary, thyroid, and pancreas leading to hypophysitis, thyroiditis, and diabetes mellitus. The exact pathomechanism of nivolumab-induced endocrinopathy usually remains unknown. The endocrine adverse events are unique when compared to other immune-mediated adverse events because the manifestations are often irreversible and require a life-long hormonal replacement and careful monitoring. Endocrinopathies in patients with disseminated neoplastic disease, often present with non-specific symptoms, making them difficult to diagnose. The cooperation of a clinical oncologist and endocrinologist is crucial for making a correct diagnosis and for inducing appropriate hormone replacement therapy. This attitude may improve prognosis in oncological patients with endocrine complications of immunotherapy. In this article, we present the current data regarding the clinical management of immune-mediated endocrinopathies, including hypophysitis, thyroiditis, and diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: immunotherapynivolumabhypophysitisthyroiditisdiabetes mellitus type 1
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