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Kidney Efficiency Index — quantitative parameter of a dynamic renal scintigraphy. I. Theory and preliminary verification
, 2, 2, 1
Affiliations- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Quality Control and Radiation Protection, Lodz, Poland
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: One of the basic clinical indications for dynamic renal scintigraphy (DRS) is a diagnosis of obstructive
uropathy and/or nephropathy. Currently, a basic quantitative criterion for diagnosing nephropathy is the percentage of individual
kidney’s contribution in the global uptake of a radiopharmaceutical from the blood (so-called Split Function - SF).
From a clinical point of view, a parameter evaluating a radiopharmaceutical uptake and reflecting the efficiency of a specific
kidney, determined independently of the total uptake of both kidneys, would be much more useful. Based on a Rutland theory,
a kidney uptake constant K proportional to a radiotracer uptake by individual kidney was introduced and applied to DRS with
99mTc-ethylene-1-dicysteine (99mTc-EC). In addition, a kidney efficiency index (KEi) was also worked out as a new parameter
obtained by dividing the uptake constant K by the surface of the ROI of a given kidney, which can be interpreted as the average
“efficiency” of clearance of a kidney.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: K and KEi values were verified in 72 studies selected retrospectively from patients referred
routinely for DRS, with available current level of blood creatinine, used for calculation of estimated GFR (eGFR) according to
a CKD-EPI formula. After splitting of eGFR values into individual kidneys according to SF, single kidney eGFR values (SKeGFR)
were obtained and then used as a verification method for SF, K and KEi values.
RESULTS: Correlation between SF and SKeGFR values, rsp = 0.64, was significantly weaker (p < 0.0022) than the correlation
of SKeGFR values with K uptake constants and KEi indices: 0.90 and 0.84, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Uptake constant K and KEi, as quantitative parameters, give the opportunity to analyze a function of each
kidney separately and in an absolute way. KEi also allows for a reliable assessment of kidneys of atypical sizes (larger or smaller
than average). It also gives the opportunity to create normative values for this parameter and may be useful in a number of
clinical situations where the diagnostic effectiveness of such a relative parameter as SF, is severely limited, e.g. in assessing
a large kidney with hydronephrosis or while differing a cirrhotic from hypoplastic (i.e. a small but properly functioning) kidney.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: One of the basic clinical indications for dynamic renal scintigraphy (DRS) is a diagnosis of obstructive
uropathy and/or nephropathy. Currently, a basic quantitative criterion for diagnosing nephropathy is the percentage of individual
kidney’s contribution in the global uptake of a radiopharmaceutical from the blood (so-called Split Function - SF).
From a clinical point of view, a parameter evaluating a radiopharmaceutical uptake and reflecting the efficiency of a specific
kidney, determined independently of the total uptake of both kidneys, would be much more useful. Based on a Rutland theory,
a kidney uptake constant K proportional to a radiotracer uptake by individual kidney was introduced and applied to DRS with
99mTc-ethylene-1-dicysteine (99mTc-EC). In addition, a kidney efficiency index (KEi) was also worked out as a new parameter
obtained by dividing the uptake constant K by the surface of the ROI of a given kidney, which can be interpreted as the average
“efficiency” of clearance of a kidney.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: K and KEi values were verified in 72 studies selected retrospectively from patients referred
routinely for DRS, with available current level of blood creatinine, used for calculation of estimated GFR (eGFR) according to
a CKD-EPI formula. After splitting of eGFR values into individual kidneys according to SF, single kidney eGFR values (SKeGFR)
were obtained and then used as a verification method for SF, K and KEi values.
RESULTS: Correlation between SF and SKeGFR values, rsp = 0.64, was significantly weaker (p < 0.0022) than the correlation
of SKeGFR values with K uptake constants and KEi indices: 0.90 and 0.84, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Uptake constant K and KEi, as quantitative parameters, give the opportunity to analyze a function of each
kidney separately and in an absolute way. KEi also allows for a reliable assessment of kidneys of atypical sizes (larger or smaller
than average). It also gives the opportunity to create normative values for this parameter and may be useful in a number of
clinical situations where the diagnostic effectiveness of such a relative parameter as SF, is severely limited, e.g. in assessing
a large kidney with hydronephrosis or while differing a cirrhotic from hypoplastic (i.e. a small but properly functioning) kidney.
Keywords
dynamic renal scintigraphy; renal clearance; split function; uropathy; nephropathy; kidney efficiency index; uptake constant
About this articleTitle
Kidney Efficiency Index — quantitative parameter of a dynamic renal scintigraphy. I. Theory and preliminary verification
Journal
Issue
Article type
Research paper
Pages
78-83
Published online
2020-09-28
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1336
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1499
DOI
Pubmed
Bibliographic record
Nucl. Med. Rev 2020;23(2):78-83.
Keywords
dynamic renal scintigraphy
renal clearance
split function
uropathy
nephropathy
kidney efficiency index
uptake constant
Authors
Krzysztof Grzegorz Filipczak
Pawel Cichocki
Jacek Kusmierek
Anna Plachcinska
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