open access

Vol 67, No 4 (2017)
Research paper (original)
Published online: 2017-12-29
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Time trends in tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland — direct estimation method

Marta Mańczuk1, Urszula Sulkowska, Jakub Łobaszewski, Paweł Koczkodaj, Irena Przepiórka, Magdalena Cedzyńska, Krzysztof Przewoźniak, Joanna Didkowska
·
Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology 2017;67(4):227-235.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warszawa, Poland

open access

Vol 67, No 4 (2017)
Original article
Published online: 2017-12-29

Abstract

Introduction. Since the 20th century tobacco smoking has had an enormous impact on morbidity and mortality in the adult population, and it remains the greatest single preventable health risk factor worldwide. Cancer is the se­cond leading cause of death in Poland, with lung cancer as the primary cause of cancer-related death in Polish men and women. Given these statistics, this manuscript aims to estimate tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland.

Material and methods. Data on cancer mortality come from the WHO Mortality Statistics database. Data on smoking prevalence in Poland come from standardized surveys based on nationally representative samples. Data on relative risks come from the Cancer Prevention Study II. Tobacco-attributable fractions were calculated using standard me­thodology for calculating population-based attributable fractions.

Results. In 2014, there were over 24 thousand tobacco-attributed cancer deaths in men. Lung cancer tops the list of ranked cancer types, with a tobacco-attributable fraction of 93%. Next is laryngeal (TAF = 90%), oropharyngeal (TAF = 86%) and esophageal (TAF = 80%) cancer. Overall, two-thirds of the considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 75%). In 2014, there were over 7.5 thousand of cancer deaths related to smoking in women. Here, both laryngeal and lung cancer (both TAF = 76%) top the ranked list. Next are esophageal (TAF = 61%) and oropharyngeal (TAF = 51%) cancers, and when combined almost half of all considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 44%).

Conclusions. Tobacco smoking and tobacco-attributable cancer mortality remain one of the greatest health burdens in Poles. Each year over 30 thousand Polish men and women die of cancer caused by smoking. All these deaths could be avoided.

Abstract

Introduction. Since the 20th century tobacco smoking has had an enormous impact on morbidity and mortality in the adult population, and it remains the greatest single preventable health risk factor worldwide. Cancer is the se­cond leading cause of death in Poland, with lung cancer as the primary cause of cancer-related death in Polish men and women. Given these statistics, this manuscript aims to estimate tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland.

Material and methods. Data on cancer mortality come from the WHO Mortality Statistics database. Data on smoking prevalence in Poland come from standardized surveys based on nationally representative samples. Data on relative risks come from the Cancer Prevention Study II. Tobacco-attributable fractions were calculated using standard me­thodology for calculating population-based attributable fractions.

Results. In 2014, there were over 24 thousand tobacco-attributed cancer deaths in men. Lung cancer tops the list of ranked cancer types, with a tobacco-attributable fraction of 93%. Next is laryngeal (TAF = 90%), oropharyngeal (TAF = 86%) and esophageal (TAF = 80%) cancer. Overall, two-thirds of the considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 75%). In 2014, there were over 7.5 thousand of cancer deaths related to smoking in women. Here, both laryngeal and lung cancer (both TAF = 76%) top the ranked list. Next are esophageal (TAF = 61%) and oropharyngeal (TAF = 51%) cancers, and when combined almost half of all considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 44%).

Conclusions. Tobacco smoking and tobacco-attributable cancer mortality remain one of the greatest health burdens in Poles. Each year over 30 thousand Polish men and women die of cancer caused by smoking. All these deaths could be avoided.

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Keywords

tobacco-attributable fraction, cancer, time trends, direct estimation method, tobacco-related cancer, cancer mortality, TAF, PAF

About this article
Title

Time trends in tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland — direct estimation method

Journal

Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology

Issue

Vol 67, No 4 (2017)

Article type

Research paper (original)

Pages

227-235

Published online

2017-12-29

Page views

679

Article views/downloads

725

DOI

10.5603/NJO.2017.0037

Bibliographic record

Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology 2017;67(4):227-235.

Keywords

tobacco-attributable fraction
cancer
time trends
direct estimation method
tobacco-related cancer
cancer mortality
TAF
PAF

Authors

Marta Mańczuk
Urszula Sulkowska
Jakub Łobaszewski
Paweł Koczkodaj
Irena Przepiórka
Magdalena Cedzyńska
Krzysztof Przewoźniak
Joanna Didkowska

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