Analysis of antibiotic resistance genetic conditioning of Enterobacteriaceae NDM-1 family members and the related epidemiological threat in Poland
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an extremely serious threat to the modern world. Since 2008, Gram-negative
rods from the Enterobacteriaceae family gained the possibility of b-lactam degradation using NDM-1
carbapenemase, encoded by the blaNDM gene. It often occurs in the genome of Klebsiella pneumoniae
and can occur on both bacterial chromosome and plasmids. This creates a very high risk due to the
widespread occurrence of bacteria from this family both in the environment and in human microflora.
Lack of sensitivity to popular b-lactam antibiotics is especially dangerous for patients hospitalised for a
long time with reduced immunity. In Poland, since 2011, the number of registered NDM+ isolates and
related infections are constantly increasing, reaching 1780 cases in 2016. Bacilli showing the presence of
the blaNDM gene are registered very often in the Mazowieckie and Podlaskie regions, while the number
of such cases is the lowest in the Opolskie region. Inhibiting the growing number of infections caused by
Enterobacteriaceae NDM+ is extremely difficult, and one of the methods to reduce this phenomenon is
strict compliance with hygiene rules.
Keywords: NDM-1antibiotic resistanceEnterobacteriaceae
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