Vol 70, No 1 (2012)
Original articles
Published online: 2012-01-20
Intima−media thickness and other markers of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease
DOI: 10.33963/v.kp.79130
Kardiol Pol 2012;70(1):7-13.
Abstract
Background: Periodontal disease is an inflammatory process which results in increased cardiovascular risk in patients with
type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). It is not clear, however, whether periodontal inflammation may be associated with increased
markers of atherosclerosis in these patients.
Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to answer the question of whether periodontal disease in DM2 is associated with increased markers and risk factors of atherosclerosis.
Methods: One hundred and twenty one patients were included in the study. Sixteen were classified as periodontally healthy (BGI-H), 87 as having gingivitis (BGI-G), and 18 as having periodontitis with moderate bleeding (BGI-P2), according to the new Offenbacher classification. In all patients, intima-media thickness (IMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), lipids, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed.
Results: Patients with periodontitis and gingivitis had a higher IMT value compared to the BGI-H group (0.804 ± 0.112 and 0.772 ± 0.127 vs 0.691 ± 0.151 mm, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively, odds ratio 5.25 for having IMT ≥ 0.8 mm, 95% CI 1.1; 25). Patients from the BGI-P2 group also had higher blood pressure (BP) compared to the BGI-G and BGI-H groups, and higher CRP compared to the BGI-G group (4.6 ± 2.3 vs 3.8 ± 4.8 mg/L, p < 0.01). Lipid parameters and PWV were comparable in all the groups.
Conclusions: Periodontal inflammation in patients with DM2 seems to be associated with increased IMT and BP, but not with greater arterial stiffness. These results support the hypothesis that periodontal disease may be associated with a vascular pathology.
Kardiol Pol 2012; 70, 1: 7–13
Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to answer the question of whether periodontal disease in DM2 is associated with increased markers and risk factors of atherosclerosis.
Methods: One hundred and twenty one patients were included in the study. Sixteen were classified as periodontally healthy (BGI-H), 87 as having gingivitis (BGI-G), and 18 as having periodontitis with moderate bleeding (BGI-P2), according to the new Offenbacher classification. In all patients, intima-media thickness (IMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), lipids, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed.
Results: Patients with periodontitis and gingivitis had a higher IMT value compared to the BGI-H group (0.804 ± 0.112 and 0.772 ± 0.127 vs 0.691 ± 0.151 mm, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively, odds ratio 5.25 for having IMT ≥ 0.8 mm, 95% CI 1.1; 25). Patients from the BGI-P2 group also had higher blood pressure (BP) compared to the BGI-G and BGI-H groups, and higher CRP compared to the BGI-G group (4.6 ± 2.3 vs 3.8 ± 4.8 mg/L, p < 0.01). Lipid parameters and PWV were comparable in all the groups.
Conclusions: Periodontal inflammation in patients with DM2 seems to be associated with increased IMT and BP, but not with greater arterial stiffness. These results support the hypothesis that periodontal disease may be associated with a vascular pathology.
Kardiol Pol 2012; 70, 1: 7–13
Keywords: diabetesperiodontal diseaseintima-media thicknesspulse wave velocity
