Background: In recent years, many microRNAs (miRNAs) were shown to be dysregulated in specific tissues playing critical roles in the pathogenesis and progression of heart failure (HF). Left ventricular (LV) mass (LVM) has long been recognised as an important prognostic marker in systolic HF patients.

Aim: We hypothesised that circulating miRNAs may be associated with LVM in systolic HF patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between previously reported and novel dysregulated circulating miRNAs and echocardiographi­cally determined LVM in symptomatic HF patients with LV systolic dysfunction.

Methods: Forty-two consecutive patients diagnosed with NYHA II–IV symptomatic systolic HF and a control group consisting of 15 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled. After labelling extracted RNA, poly-A tails were added. RNAs were later hybridised on a GeneChip miRNA 2.0 array. After hybridisation and staining, arrays were scanned to determine miRNA expression levels, and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified.

Results: Eighteen miRNAs were found to be upregulated in serum of HF patients, while 11 were demonstrated to be downregulated. When the association between dysregulated miRNAs and echocardiographic findings was investigated, miR-182 (p = 0.04), miR-200a* (p = 0.019), and miR-568 (p = 0.023) were found to be inversely correlated with LVM index (LVMI), while miR-155 (p = 0.019) and miR-595 (p = 0.04) were determined to be positively correlated with LVMI.

Conclusions: The results of our study revealed that dysregulated circulating miRNAs were correlated with anatomic changes in LV, in terms of LVMI, in symptomatic HF patients with systolic LV dysfunction.