open access

Vol 65, No 3 (2014)
TROPICAL MEDICINE Original article
Submitted: 2014-09-26
Accepted: 2014-09-26
Published online: 2014-09-26
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Correlation between oral lesions and opportunistic infections among human immunodeficiency virus — infected individuals in Indian population

Yatish Kumar Sanadhya, Sudhanshu Sanadhya, Ramesh Nagarajappa, Sorabh Jain, Pankaj Aapaliya, Nidhi Sharma
DOI: 10.5603/IMH.2014.0026
·
IMH 2014;65(3):124-130.

open access

Vol 65, No 3 (2014)
TROPICAL MEDICINE Original article
Submitted: 2014-09-26
Accepted: 2014-09-26
Published online: 2014-09-26

Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major global health problem. Tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis are the leading cause of death among people living with HIV.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine whether any relationship exists between the occurrence of oral lesions and opportunistic infections among HIV-infected patients in Indian population.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was performed in 232 HIV-infected persons (148 males and 84 females, aged 20–60 years, mean 33.6 ± 2.3 years). c2 test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Oral candidiasis was the most common oral lesion seen in 28.4% males and 22.6% females of HIV-infected persons, followed by hairy leukoplakia in 27% males and 20.2% females which was statistically significant. Tuberculosis (21.6%) followed by cryptococcosis (9.9%) and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (4.7%) were the most commonly found opportunistic infections. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association, between the occurrence of tuberculosis and candidiasis (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.4–2.9), cryptococcosis and candidiasis (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–1.9), and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with hairy leukoplakia (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.0–2.9). Mean CD4 count was also less.

Conclusions: The results suggest a definite relationship in occurrence of oral lesions and opportunistic infections among HIV-infected patients.

Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major global health problem. Tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis are the leading cause of death among people living with HIV.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine whether any relationship exists between the occurrence of oral lesions and opportunistic infections among HIV-infected patients in Indian population.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was performed in 232 HIV-infected persons (148 males and 84 females, aged 20–60 years, mean 33.6 ± 2.3 years). c2 test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Oral candidiasis was the most common oral lesion seen in 28.4% males and 22.6% females of HIV-infected persons, followed by hairy leukoplakia in 27% males and 20.2% females which was statistically significant. Tuberculosis (21.6%) followed by cryptococcosis (9.9%) and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (4.7%) were the most commonly found opportunistic infections. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association, between the occurrence of tuberculosis and candidiasis (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.4–2.9), cryptococcosis and candidiasis (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–1.9), and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with hairy leukoplakia (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.0–2.9). Mean CD4 count was also less.

Conclusions: The results suggest a definite relationship in occurrence of oral lesions and opportunistic infections among HIV-infected patients.

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Keywords

HIV-infected patients, cross sectional study, CD4 counts, opportunistic infections, tuberculosis

About this article
Title

Correlation between oral lesions and opportunistic infections among human immunodeficiency virus — infected individuals in Indian population

Journal

International Maritime Health

Issue

Vol 65, No 3 (2014)

Pages

124-130

Published online

2014-09-26

Page views

2202

Article views/downloads

2725

DOI

10.5603/IMH.2014.0026

Bibliographic record

IMH 2014;65(3):124-130.

Keywords

HIV-infected patients
cross sectional study
CD4 counts
opportunistic infections
tuberculosis

Authors

Yatish Kumar Sanadhya
Sudhanshu Sanadhya
Ramesh Nagarajappa
Sorabh Jain
Pankaj Aapaliya
Nidhi Sharma

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