open access

Vol 91, No 1 (2020)
Review paper
Published online: 2020-01-31
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Human papilloma virus-related premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix and anogenital tract in immunocompromised women

Aleksandra A. Wielgos1, Bronislawa Pietrzak2
·
Pubmed: 32039466
·
Ginekol Pol 2020;91(1):32-37.
Affiliations
  1. Dermatology Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82a, 02-008 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Centre of Mother and Child’s Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland, Poland

open access

Vol 91, No 1 (2020)
REVIEW PAPERS Gynecology
Published online: 2020-01-31

Abstract

The number of immunocompromised patients is rising, and immunodeficiency is an independent risk factor for the development of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix and anogenital tract. The aim of this review was to summarize and update data on human papilloma virus (HPV) infections and HPV-based anogenital lesions detected in patients who were immunocompromised due to both organ transplantation and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The incidence of HPV infections among solid organ recipients and HIV positive females is reported to be significantly higher when compared with age-matched healthy controls- i.e. higher by up to 65% and 46.6% respectively, vs 38% in the controls. These infections are also more often chronic, high risk HPV and multitype. Data suggest that HPV infections in these patients might not only occur more frequently, but that the course of the infection might also lead to faster oncogenesis. However, the treatment options for malignancies are limited; and this implies the need for intense primary and secondary prevention regimens. As infections with HPV types other than 16 and 18 and multitype infections are particularly frequently discovered in immunocompromised patients, they would probably benefit most from a nonavalent vaccine. Gynecological screening should be performed annually, including cervical smears and/ or HPV testing. In the group of non-responders, self-sampling methods should be considered.

Abstract

The number of immunocompromised patients is rising, and immunodeficiency is an independent risk factor for the development of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix and anogenital tract. The aim of this review was to summarize and update data on human papilloma virus (HPV) infections and HPV-based anogenital lesions detected in patients who were immunocompromised due to both organ transplantation and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The incidence of HPV infections among solid organ recipients and HIV positive females is reported to be significantly higher when compared with age-matched healthy controls- i.e. higher by up to 65% and 46.6% respectively, vs 38% in the controls. These infections are also more often chronic, high risk HPV and multitype. Data suggest that HPV infections in these patients might not only occur more frequently, but that the course of the infection might also lead to faster oncogenesis. However, the treatment options for malignancies are limited; and this implies the need for intense primary and secondary prevention regimens. As infections with HPV types other than 16 and 18 and multitype infections are particularly frequently discovered in immunocompromised patients, they would probably benefit most from a nonavalent vaccine. Gynecological screening should be performed annually, including cervical smears and/ or HPV testing. In the group of non-responders, self-sampling methods should be considered.

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Keywords

HPV; human papilloma virus; immunocompromise; HIV; transplantation; malignancy

About this article
Title

Human papilloma virus-related premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix and anogenital tract in immunocompromised women

Journal

Ginekologia Polska

Issue

Vol 91, No 1 (2020)

Article type

Review paper

Pages

32-37

Published online

2020-01-31

Page views

1881

Article views/downloads

2381

DOI

10.5603/GP.2020.0008

Pubmed

32039466

Bibliographic record

Ginekol Pol 2020;91(1):32-37.

Keywords

HPV
human papilloma virus
immunocompromise
HIV
transplantation
malignancy

Authors

Aleksandra A. Wielgos
Bronislawa Pietrzak

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