open access
An unusual case of unilateral supernumerary extensor carpi radialis muscle
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, „Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Microscopic Morphology, „Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Pediatric Surgery Clinic of Emergency Children’s Hospital, Doctor Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania
open access
Abstract
An uncommon anatomical variant of muscle that can be considered as a supernumerary extensor carpi radialis muscle was found during the dissection of the forearm region. The identified extensor carpi radialis muscle has origin on the lateral supraepicondylar ridge of the humerus, and an unusual insertion on the tubercle of the scaphoid bone. The presence of this supernumerary muscle may cause diagnostic errors in the forearm region, and can produce a debilitating pain syndrome by secondary compression of adjacent nerves, vessels or tendons due to its course along the anterior compartment of the forearm.
Abstract
An uncommon anatomical variant of muscle that can be considered as a supernumerary extensor carpi radialis muscle was found during the dissection of the forearm region. The identified extensor carpi radialis muscle has origin on the lateral supraepicondylar ridge of the humerus, and an unusual insertion on the tubercle of the scaphoid bone. The presence of this supernumerary muscle may cause diagnostic errors in the forearm region, and can produce a debilitating pain syndrome by secondary compression of adjacent nerves, vessels or tendons due to its course along the anterior compartment of the forearm.
Keywords
supernumerary muscle, forearm, extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
Title
An unusual case of unilateral supernumerary extensor carpi radialis muscle
Journal
Issue
Article type
Case report
Pages
888-892
Published online
2019-04-03
Page views
1177
Article views/downloads
1065
DOI
Pubmed
Bibliographic record
Folia Morphol 2019;78(4):888-892.
Keywords
supernumerary muscle
forearm
extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
Authors
L. Grigoriță
C. Gug
M.A. Vaida
A.M. Jianu
N.S. Damen
- Albright JA, Linburg RM. Common variations of the radial writs extensors. J Hand Surg Am. 1978; 3(2): 134–138.
- Arey LB. Developmental Anatomy, In: A Textbook and Laboratory Manual of Embryology. Ed. 5. WB Saunders company, Philadelphia 1949: 397–399.
- Botar J. Sur quelques variations des muscles de l'avant-bras. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris. 1931; 2(1): 25–33.
- Claassen H, Wree A. Multiple variations in the region of Mm. extensores carpi radialis longus and brevis. Ann Anat. 2002; 184(5): 489–491.
- Cossu F, Guintard C. Anatomical and Descriptive Study of the Radial Extensor Muscle (M. Extensor Carpi Radialis). Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C. 2000; 29(6): 337–343.
- Divia Paul A, Gaikwad MR. Additional muscle belly and abberant muscle fibers over the extensor retinaculam of wrist. NUJHS. 2016; 6(1): 85–87.
- Gitto S, Draghi AG, Draghi F. Sonography of non-neoplastic disorders of the hand and wrist tendons. J Ultrasound Med. 2018; 37(1): 51–68.
- Hale SJM, Mirjalili SA, Stringer MD. Inconsistencies in surface anatomy: The need for an evidence-based reappraisal. Clin Anat. 2010; 23(8): 922–930.
- Hong MKY, Hong MKH. An uncommon form of the rare extensor carpi radialis accessorius. Ann Anat. 2005; 187(1): 89–92.
- Kerver ALA, Carati L, Eilers PHC, et al. An anatomical study of the ECRL and ECRB: feasibility of developing a preoperative test for evaluating the strength of the individual wrist extensors. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2013; 66(4): 543–550.
- Nayak S, Kumar SJM, Krishnamurthy A, et al. An additional radial wrist extensor and its clinical significance. Ann Anat. 2007; 189(3): 283–286.
- Rai R, Ranade A, Prabhu L, et al. Multiple variations of extensor muscles of forearm in relation to the radial nerve: a case report and review. Int J Morphol. 2008; 26(2): 447–49.
- Ravichandiran M, Ravichandiran N, Ravichandiran K, et al. Neuromuscular partitioning in the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis based on intramuscular nerve distribution patterns: A three-dimensional modeling study. Clin Anat. 2012; 25(3): 366–372.
- Ryu JY, Watson HK. SSMB syndrome. Symptomatic supernumerary muscle belly syndrome. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987(216): 195–202.
- Sadler TW. Langman’s medical embryology. Ed. 13. Williams and Wilkin, Lippincott 2015: 203–206.
- Sawant SP. The cadaveric study of extensor carpi radialis longus muscle on the developmental basis. Int J Healthcare Biomed Res. 2013; 1(4): 241–245.
- Smith J, Pourcho AM, Kakar S. Sonographic appearance of the extensor carpi radialis intermedius tendon. PMR. 2015; 7(7): 789–791.
- Sookur PA, Naraghi AM, Bleakney RR, et al. Accessory muscles: anatomy, symptoms, and radiologic evaluation. Radiographics. 2008; 28(2): 481–499.
- Srimani P, Meyur R, De Bo, et al. Unilateral variation of extensor carpi radialis longus muscle: a case report. Int J Anat Var. 2014; 7: 115–117.
- Tubbs RS, Shoja MM, Loukas M. Bergman’s Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation. Wiley-Blackwell 2016: 304–314.
- West CT, Ricketts D, Brassett C. An anatomical study of additional radial wrist extensors including a unique extensor carpi radialis accessorius. Folia Morphol. 2017 [Epub ahead of print]; 75(4): 742–747.
- Yang K, Choi IJ, Lee JH. Accessory head of the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle merging with extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. Surg Radiol Anat. 2018; 40(9): 1001–1003.
- Yoshida Y. Anatomical studies on the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis muscles in Japanese. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn. 1994; 71(2-3): 127–135.