open access

Vol 78, No 4 (2019)
Original article
Submitted: 2018-12-31
Accepted: 2019-03-06
Published online: 2019-04-03
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The applied anatomy and clinical significance of the proximal, V1 segment of vertebral artery

X. Li1, L. Guan1, Prince L.M. Zilundu1, J. Chen2, Z. Chen2, M. Ma2, H. Zhuang2, Z. Zhuang2, Y. Qiu2, F. Ye2, X. Wu2, H. Sang2, Y. Ye2, Y. Han2, H. Yao1, H. Li1, G. Zhong1, H. Wu1, Z. Jiang1, G. Chu1, D. Xu1, L. Zhou12
·
Pubmed: 30949997
·
Folia Morphol 2019;78(4):710-719.
Affiliations
  1. Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
  2. Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China

open access

Vol 78, No 4 (2019)
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Submitted: 2018-12-31
Accepted: 2019-03-06
Published online: 2019-04-03

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to probe the morphological features of the proximal segment (V1) of vertebral artery (VA) in a sample of Chinese cadavers. Materials and methods: The origin, course and outer diameter at origin of the pre-vertebral part of the VAs were evaluated in 119 adult cadavers. Results: It was found that 94.12% of the VAs originated from the subclavian arteries, bilaterally. The variant origins were present in 5.88% of the cadavers and all originated directly from the arch of the aorta. All the variations were observed on the left side of male cadavers. The average outer diameters at origin of the normal and variation groups were 4.35 ± 1.00 mm and 4.82 ± ± 1.42 mm, respectively, p = 0.035. In the normal group, but not in the variation group, the average diameter in the males was significantly larger than that in the females (4.50 ± 0.99 mm, 3.92 ± 0.92 mm, respectively, p = 0.000). In addition, only 5 cadavers in the normal group had hypoplastic VAs (4.20%, 4 males, 3 right-sided). Vertebral artery dominance (VAD) was present in 91 (69 males) out of 112 cadavers and more common on the left (n = 48). In addition, 3 cadavers satisfied conditions for coexistence of VAD and vertebral artery hypoplasia. All 7 cadavers in the variation group exhibited VAD, which was more common on the right side (n = 5). Conclusions: The morphologic variations and frequencies described above have implications for the early prevention, abnormal anatomy detection, accurate diagnosis, safe surgery and endovascular treatment of cardiovascular and neurological disease.

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to probe the morphological features of the proximal segment (V1) of vertebral artery (VA) in a sample of Chinese cadavers. Materials and methods: The origin, course and outer diameter at origin of the pre-vertebral part of the VAs were evaluated in 119 adult cadavers. Results: It was found that 94.12% of the VAs originated from the subclavian arteries, bilaterally. The variant origins were present in 5.88% of the cadavers and all originated directly from the arch of the aorta. All the variations were observed on the left side of male cadavers. The average outer diameters at origin of the normal and variation groups were 4.35 ± 1.00 mm and 4.82 ± ± 1.42 mm, respectively, p = 0.035. In the normal group, but not in the variation group, the average diameter in the males was significantly larger than that in the females (4.50 ± 0.99 mm, 3.92 ± 0.92 mm, respectively, p = 0.000). In addition, only 5 cadavers in the normal group had hypoplastic VAs (4.20%, 4 males, 3 right-sided). Vertebral artery dominance (VAD) was present in 91 (69 males) out of 112 cadavers and more common on the left (n = 48). In addition, 3 cadavers satisfied conditions for coexistence of VAD and vertebral artery hypoplasia. All 7 cadavers in the variation group exhibited VAD, which was more common on the right side (n = 5). Conclusions: The morphologic variations and frequencies described above have implications for the early prevention, abnormal anatomy detection, accurate diagnosis, safe surgery and endovascular treatment of cardiovascular and neurological disease.

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Keywords

anatomy, vertebral artery — hypoplasia, dominance

About this article
Title

The applied anatomy and clinical significance of the proximal, V1 segment of vertebral artery

Journal

Folia Morphologica

Issue

Vol 78, No 4 (2019)

Article type

Original article

Pages

710-719

Published online

2019-04-03

Page views

1552

Article views/downloads

1361

DOI

10.5603/FM.a2019.0039

Pubmed

30949997

Bibliographic record

Folia Morphol 2019;78(4):710-719.

Keywords

anatomy
vertebral artery — hypoplasia
dominance

Authors

X. Li
L. Guan
Prince L.M. Zilundu
J. Chen
Z. Chen
M. Ma
H. Zhuang
Z. Zhuang
Y. Qiu
F. Ye
X. Wu
H. Sang
Y. Ye
Y. Han
H. Yao
H. Li
G. Zhong
H. Wu
Z. Jiang
G. Chu
D. Xu
L. Zhou

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