Urothelial cancer of the prostate gland. Immunohistochemical analysis of two cases of rare canine cancer
Abstract
Introduction. The study aimed to diagnose urothelial cancer of prostate gland (UCPG) in dogs as the primary focus and in its metastasis based on the expression of specific proteins used in immunohistochemical diagnosis of prostate cancer in men.
Material and methods. The study was carried out on specimens collected during a post-mortem examination from macroscopic lesions of the prostate glands from two dogs. The immunoexpression of the following proteins was verified: prostate-specific antigen (PSA), high molecular weight cytokeratins (HMWCK), cytokeratin 7 and 20 (CK-7,-20), E-cadherin, von Willebrand factor, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal PGE2-1 synthase (mPGES-1) and component of the minichromosome 7 maintenance complex (MCM7).
Results. All markers, except for PSA, were expressed both at the primary tumour site and in the metastasis.
Conclusions. The immunohistochemical approach was more useful for the diagnosis of UCPG in dog than typical histopathological staining methods because it allowed for precise determination of features, type and grade of the tumour that may affect its early detection and treatment.
Keywords: canineprostateurothelial cancermetastasiscell markersIHC
References
- Yancik R. Cancer burden in the aged: an epidemiologic and demographic overview. Cancer. 1997; 80(7): 1273–1283, doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971001)80:7<1273:AID-CNCR13>3.0.CO;2-4.
- Waters DJ, Bostwick DG, Waters DJ, et al. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia occurs spontaneously in the canine prostate. J Urol. 1997; 157(2): 713–716, doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19970201)30:2<92:aid-pros4>3.0.co;2-m.
- Waters D, Sakr W, Hayden D, et al. Workgroup 4: Spontaneous prostate carcinoma in dogs and nonhuman primates. The Prostate. 1998; 36(1): 64–67, doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19980615)36:1<64::aid-pros12>3.0.co;2-g.
- Cornell KK, Bostwick DG, Cooley DM, et al. Clinical and pathologic aspects of spontaneous canine prostate carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 76 cases. Prostate. 2000; 45(2): 173–183, doi: 10.1002/1097-0045(20001001)45:2<173::aid-pros12>3.0.co;2-r.
- Lai CL, van den Ham R, van Leenders G, et al. Histopathological and immunohistochemical characterization of canine prostate cancer. Prostate. 2008; 68(5): 477–488.
- Kennedy PC, Cullen JM, Edwards JF, et al. Histological Classification of Tumors of the Genital System of Domestic Animals:Tumors of Accessory Reproductive Organs. 2nd edn. World Health Organization Animals. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, USA. ; 1998: 53.
- Brouckaert O, Paridaens R, Floris G, et al. A critical review why assessment of steroid hormone receptors in breast cancer should be quantitative. Ann Oncol. 2013; 24(1): 47–53.
- Ciaputa R. Immunohistochemical and Histological Features of a Spontaneous Leydig Cell Tumour in a Rat. Pakistan Veterinary Journal. 2019; 39(04): 603–605.
- Kandefer-Gola M, Nowak M, Ciaputa R, et al. Usefulness of immunohistochemical indicators for diagnosis and prognosis of poorly differentiated tumours. J Vet Res. 2016; 60(3): 323–330.
- Finetti F, Terzuoli E, Giachetti A, et al. mPGES-1 in prostate cancer controls stemness and amplifies epidermal growth factor receptor-driven oncogenicity. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2015; 22(4): 665–678.
