Vol 72, No 11-12 (2004)
Research paper
Published online: 2008-02-18
Submitted: 2013-02-22
Modern microbiological methods in diagnosis of adverse reactions after BCG vaccination. Case reports
Zofia Zwolska, Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć, Anna Zabost, Jerzy Ziółkowski, Joachim Buchwald, Marian Płończak, Wojciech Walas, Marek Ziebiński
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2004;72(11-12):505-511.
Vol 72, No 11-12 (2004)
ORIGINAL PAPERS
Published online: 2008-02-18
Submitted: 2013-02-22
Abstract
The attenuated bacilli Calmett-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is administered worldwide to prevent tuberculosis and is considered to have an excellent safety profile. In Poland, since 1955 BCG mass vaccination shave been compulsory. More than 95% new borns and 80% of older children of the population have been vaccinated. Complications of vaccination are uncommon. Although BCG has been used safely for many years, it can cause disease in humans, especially those with cellular immunodeficiencies. The risks associated with BCG vaccination include local complications, extraregional localized disease, and disseminated BCG disease. Identification of M. bovis BCG in laboratory is a very difficult process. Routine identification of mycobacterial isolates inclinical laboratories involves culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex which includes M.tuberculosis, M.bovis, M.africanum and M.microti and the vaccine strain M.bovis BCG. Most laboratories cannot quickly differentiate between BCG and other members of M.tuberculosis complex and some cases of BCG complications in children may be considered and treated as tuberculosis. Because of difficulties in proper identification of BCG strains isolated from the patients,the prevalence of BCG infections is not know exactly. Knowledge of BCG infection would be of particular interest to the clinician responsible for the therapy. We describe the several methods using in mycobacterial laboratory for identification and suggest th emodern algorithm of BCG strains identification including mycolic acids profileby HPLC and 14C PZA resistance methods. The methods allowed us fast and accurate identify M.bovis BCG infection in 5 children which have been described in our paper. Preliminary diagnosis for four children among five tested was tuberculosis. One immunocompromised HIV negative child died, one still excrets BCG bacilli. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BCG complication (AEFI) in Polish children in which HPLC and 14 C PZA methods have been used for rapid identification of M.bovis BCG in fectionand/orcomplication.
Pneumonol. Alergol. Pol. 2004, 72, 505:511
Abstract
The attenuated bacilli Calmett-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is administered worldwide to prevent tuberculosis and is considered to have an excellent safety profile. In Poland, since 1955 BCG mass vaccination shave been compulsory. More than 95% new borns and 80% of older children of the population have been vaccinated. Complications of vaccination are uncommon. Although BCG has been used safely for many years, it can cause disease in humans, especially those with cellular immunodeficiencies. The risks associated with BCG vaccination include local complications, extraregional localized disease, and disseminated BCG disease. Identification of M. bovis BCG in laboratory is a very difficult process. Routine identification of mycobacterial isolates inclinical laboratories involves culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex which includes M.tuberculosis, M.bovis, M.africanum and M.microti and the vaccine strain M.bovis BCG. Most laboratories cannot quickly differentiate between BCG and other members of M.tuberculosis complex and some cases of BCG complications in children may be considered and treated as tuberculosis. Because of difficulties in proper identification of BCG strains isolated from the patients,the prevalence of BCG infections is not know exactly. Knowledge of BCG infection would be of particular interest to the clinician responsible for the therapy. We describe the several methods using in mycobacterial laboratory for identification and suggest th emodern algorithm of BCG strains identification including mycolic acids profileby HPLC and 14C PZA resistance methods. The methods allowed us fast and accurate identify M.bovis BCG infection in 5 children which have been described in our paper. Preliminary diagnosis for four children among five tested was tuberculosis. One immunocompromised HIV negative child died, one still excrets BCG bacilli. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BCG complication (AEFI) in Polish children in which HPLC and 14 C PZA methods have been used for rapid identification of M.bovis BCG in fectionand/orcomplication.
Pneumonol. Alergol. Pol. 2004, 72, 505:511
Keywords
adverse event of BCG vaccination; identification algorithm of M.bovis BCG; mycolic acids profiles; HPLC; Gene-Probe; DST to pyrazinamide
Title
Modern microbiological methods in diagnosis of adverse reactions after BCG vaccination. Case reports
Journal
Advances in Respiratory Medicine
Issue
Vol 72, No 11-12 (2004)
Article type
Research paper
Pages
505-511
Published online
2008-02-18
Bibliographic record
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2004;72(11-12):505-511.
Keywords
adverse event of BCG vaccination
identification algorithm of M.bovis BCG
mycolic acids profiles
HPLC
Gene-Probe
DST to pyrazinamide
Authors
Zofia Zwolska
Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć
Anna Zabost
Jerzy Ziółkowski
Joachim Buchwald
Marian Płończak
Wojciech Walas
Marek Ziebiński