Anthropometric profile of pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single center one-year follow-up study
Abstract
Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an aggressive form of therapy which leads to malnutrition requiring nutritional support. The aim of our study was to evaluate if the growth of children is affected by HSCT and what the relevant factors are.
Methods: We analyzed changes in anthropometric measures of 79 pediatric patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT. Nutritional status was assessed based on weight and height measurements collected prior to HSCT and within 12 months post-transplantation. Body weight and height were referred to the age of patients using available z-score calculators.
Results: Compared to the first measurement, the weight-for-age and height-for-age z-scores were significantly reduced in all following measurements within a 1-year follow-up. The most severe weight loss occurred on the last day of hospitalization related to HSCT, while the height gain declined progressively after HSCT. The presence of acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) and the use of a total body irradiation-based regimen were found to be risk factors for a severe slowdown of weight gain, while acute GvHD of the gastrointestinal tract, chronic GvHD and the use of parenteral nutrition were risk factors for a decline in height gain.
Conclusions: Patients treated with allogeneic HSCT demonstrate a reduction in the pace of growth. HSCT recipients complicated by GvHD require prolonged and close weight and height monitoring
Keywords: childrenhematopoietic stem cell transplantationnutritional assessmentanthropometric profile
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